侵权责任法归责原则的法经济学分析

发布时间：2018-01-26 09:10

本文关键词： 过错责任原则严格责任原则法经济学分析　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国民法典编纂工作进行得如火如荼,侵权责任法作为民法中的一部分一直以来都受到大家普遍关注。顾名思义,侵权责任法的重点就是侵权责任的分配与承担,而归责原则就是责任分配的依据,也是学者研究的焦点之一。此外,日益频发的侵权行为,也呼吁我国能出台更加完善的、更具有操作性的归责原则。因此,运用法经济学理论对于侵权责任法归责原则进行分析,笔者认为还是十分有必要。法经济学是经济学与法学交叉而形成的新学科,其他国家的研究已经较为成熟,但在国内并没有形成完善的理论体系。本文试图从法经济学的角度,对侵权责任法归责原则进行分析,并提出几点不太成熟的建议,希望可以为我国的法经济学学科建设贡献微薄之力。对于侵权责任法归责原则,学界存在二元说和三元说。本文采纳了二元说,并使用了经济学中成本收益分析方法、博弈论、边际分析等方法,对侵权责任的归责原则展开论述。本文主要分为五个部分:第一部分为引言,主要讲的是为什么要引入法经济学分析侵权责任归责原则以及国内外研究现状,其中引入法经济学的原因包括法经济学分析归责原则的必要性和法经济学分析的优势。第二部分则简要介绍了法经济学的相关理论,包括其理论基础与主要研究方法,为下文进一步分析打下基础。第三部分就利用成本收益分析法、博弈论等方法具体分析过错责任原则,分别从单方事故(事故的发生概率仅和一方注意水平相关)和双方事故(事故发生的概率受双方注意水平的影响)两种情况进行阐述,并引入了汉德公式作为主要研究依据,并在最后放宽了行为水平的假设。第四部分则对无过错责任原则进行阐述,也将其分为单方事故和双方事故两种情形。最后一部分则是结合前几部分的分析对我国侵权责任法的归责原则展开论述。主要提出了我国归责原则在司法实务中存在的一些问题,提出了一些完善措施,比如过错标准的确立和产品责任原则的完善等。
[Abstract]:The codification of civil code in our country is in full swing. As a part of civil law, tort liability law has been widely concerned. The focus of tort liability law is the distribution and assumption of tort liability, and the principle of imputation is the basis of liability distribution and one of the focal points of scholars' research. In addition, the increasingly frequent tort acts. It also calls on our country to introduce more perfect and more operable imputation principle. Therefore, we use the theory of law and economics to analyze the principle of liability imputation of tort liability. The author believes that it is still very necessary. Law and economics is a new discipline formed by the intersection of economics and law, and the research in other countries has been relatively mature. However, there is no perfect theoretical system in China. This paper tries to analyze the principle of liability in tort law from the angle of law and economics, and puts forward some immature suggestions. The author hopes to contribute to the discipline construction of law and economics in our country. For the principle of liability of tort liability, there are dualism and ternary theory in academic circles. This paper adopts duality theory. And the use of cost-benefit analysis methods in economics, game theory, marginal analysis and other methods to discuss the principle of liability for tort. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part is the introduction. The main point is why the introduction of law and economics to analyze the principle of liability for tort liability and domestic and foreign research status. The reasons for the introduction of law and economics include the necessity of the principle of liability in the analysis of law and economics and the advantages of the analysis of law and economics. The second part briefly introduces the relevant theories of law and economics. Including its theoretical basis and main research methods, for the following further analysis laid a foundation. The third part of the use of cost-benefit analysis, game theory and other methods to specifically analyze the principle of fault liability. From the unilateral accident (the probability of occurrence of the accident is only related to the level of attention of one side) and the accident of both sides (the probability of the accident is affected by the level of attention of both sides) two situations are elaborated. In the end, the assumption of behavior level is relaxed. Part 4th expounds the principle of no-fault liability. It is also divided into unilateral accidents and accidents of both sides. The last part is to discuss the principle of liability attribution of tort liability law in our country combined with the analysis of the previous parts. It mainly puts forward the principle of imputation in judicial practice. Some of the problems. Some perfect measures are put forward, such as the establishment of fault standard and the perfection of product liability principle.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923

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