P2P网贷交易用户注册协议法律问题分析

发布时间：2018-02-09 05:18

本文关键词： P2P网贷 P2P平台用户注册协议法律问题电子格式合同　出处：《西南政法大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：P2P网贷交易作为传统借贷交易与互联网技术融合的创新产物,在基本借贷法律关系上与传统借贷并无二致。但由于交易形式从“线下”转移到“线上”,使得借贷交易的逻辑由“熟人撮合”变为“开放交易”。这一交易逻辑的变化导致许多我国现行法律并未规定的问题出现,并且亟待解决。为了适应现行法律框架的规定,避免“违法经营”以及触碰“红线”,国内许多P2P平台运营公司对国外较为成熟的P2P网贷交易模式进行了不同程度的改良。由此国内出现了四种基本交易模式:“线上纯信用”模式、“线上有担保”模式、“线上为主、线下为辅”模式、“线上为辅、线下为主”模式。通过对前述四种模式的分析发现,无论哪一种模式都涉及到P2P平台运营公司与用户之间的法律关系问题。而该法律关系正是通过P2P平台运营公司提供的电子格式合同——用户注册协议约定产生。作为整个交易模式中确定各方交易主体权利义务的核心法律文件,P2P网贷交易用户注册协议涉及的法律问题较为集中。本文通过对这些问题的全面分析,能够在详细了解P2P网贷交易流程的基础上,全面梳理出相关法律框架及存在的主要法律问题。同时,从P2P平台运营公司的风险控制、从用户注册协议优化、从行业监管、从制度完善几个方面分别提出一些建议。本文分为五个部分展开探讨:第一部分主要介绍了P2P网贷交易的概念、国内主要交易模式与对应的代表平台,并对国内主要交易模式下涉及的基本法律关系进行了分析,并得出:传统借贷方式与P2P借贷方式二者的变化不仅仅表现在形式上由“线下”到“线上”,更重要的应是形式变化导致法律关系建立的交易逻辑的变化。此外,对于国内不同交易模式下的法律关系也以简图形式进行了总结,且从简图中能够清晰地发现各平台运营公司由于对法律的理解与运用不同,而导致法律关系结构设计的不同。第二部分通过对用户注册协议进行概念化分析,阐释了用户注册协议的含义。然后分析了用户注册协议的两种法律属性:电子格式合同与居间合同。最后,通过对类似案列地简要分析,发现用户注册协议作为P2P网贷交易模式的核心法律文件,其在实践中具有重要意义。第三部分主要对用户注册协议主体进行全面分析。就P2P网络运营商而言,主要分析了其资质准入、平台担保、规范运营等问题;就用户而言,主要分析了用户资格、投资者保护等问题。通过对上述问题的分析,发现平台运营商应控制的风险点,以及提出一些对应的优化建议。第四部分对用户注册协议条款进行分析。首先,总结出用户注册协议条款的四种类型,分别阐释了四种条款类型的含义,并进行列举式说明;其次,从用户注册协议条款具体内容方面,重点分析了免责条款与隐私保护条款。就免责条款而言,总结出网络运营商关注的风险点,同时提出在控制法律风险过程中应注意的问题;就隐私保护条款而言,分析了投融资双方在隐私保护问题上存在的矛盾及信息披露的必要性,并通过明确的信息披露条件化解前述矛盾。最后,在条款类型化、特定条款内容分析的基础上,利用统计学方法对权利性条款与义务性条款进行分析,判断出用户注册协议形式上的平衡性,并分析了产生这种不平衡的原因,提出网络运营商为防止格式合同无效而应把握的应对原则。第五部分主要根据前述分析从用户注册协议本身的完善、法律制度的完善以及监管的完善三个角度提出相关建议。
[Abstract]:P2P net loan transaction as an innovative product of the fusion of traditional lending transactions and Internet technology, the basic legal relationship lending and borrowing the same. But because of the traditional transfer transaction form from "line" to "line", the lending transaction by the logic of "acquaintance set" to "open trade". The change of transaction logic the result of our current law does not require a lot of problems, and needs to be solved. In order to meet the provisions of the existing legal framework, to avoid the "illegal" and "touch the red line, many domestic P2P platform operators of foreign mature P2P net loan transaction mode were improved in different degrees. The domestic appeared four basic trade patterns:" pure credit line "mode," online secured "mode," the main line, the line auxiliary "mode," online supplement, line oriented "mode. Through the analysis of the four models found that no matter what kind of model are related to the P2P platform operators and users of legal relationship problems. The legal relationship is provided by the P2P platform operating company of electronic contract: user registration agreement. As a legal document to determine the core subject of rights and obligations of the parties trading for the entire transaction mode, the legal problems of P2P net loan transaction user registration protocol involved is relatively concentrated. Through a comprehensive analysis of these problems, can be based on a detailed understanding of P2P net loan transaction process, sort out the comprehensive legal framework and legal problems. At the same time, the risk control from the P2P platform operating company the registration protocol optimization from the user, from the industry regulation, and puts forward some suggestions to perfect the system from several aspects. This paper is divided into five parts: the first study Part mainly introduces the concept of P2P net loan transaction platform, on behalf of the main transaction mode and the corresponding domestic, basic legal relationship and relates to the domestic main transaction mode is analyzed, and that changes in traditional lending and borrowing P2P two not only in the form of "line" to "line" it is more important to form changes in transaction logic create legal relations. In addition, the legal relationship between different domestic trading patterns are summarized in schematic form, and from the diagram can clearly find the platform operators because understanding and application of the law, resulting in different legal relations the structure of the design. The second part of the user registration protocol for conceptual analysis, explains the meaning of user registration protocol. Then analyzed two kinds of legal user registration protocol : the electronic contract and the contract. Finally, through briefly analysis of similar case, found the user registration protocol as the core legal documents P2P net loan transaction model, has important significance in practice. The third part of the main body of the user registration protocol were analyzed. The P2P network operators, the main analysis the admittance, platform security, standard operation; users, mainly analyzes the user qualification, investor protection and other issues. Through the analysis of the above problems, found that the platform operators should control the risk, and puts forward some corresponding optimization suggestions. The fourth part of the registration agreement on the terms were analyzed firstly., summed up the four types of user registration provisions of the agreement, the four clause types explain the meaning, and the list of instructions; secondly, from the specific terms in the user registration protocol Volume, focus on the analysis of the exemption clause and privacy protection clause. On the disclaimer, summarizes the network operators focus on risk, and puts forward the legal risk control should be paid attention to in the process of the problem; privacy protection provisions, analyzes the necessity of contradiction and information disclosure of both investment and financing problems existing in privacy protection, and through the clear information disclosure conditions to resolve the contradictions. Finally, in terms of the type, analyzing the specific provisions on the content of rights and obligations of clause clauses were analyzed by using statistical method, determine the balance of the user registration agreement form, and analyzes the reasons for this don't balance, to puts forward the principles of network operators should grasp in order to prevent the format of the contract invalid. The fifth part is mainly based on the above analysis from the user registration protocol is perfect, legal system Suggestions are put forward in three aspects of perfection and perfection of supervision.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.6

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