校园伤害事故中的学校侵权责任研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 03:27

本文选题：校园伤害事故　切入点：学校侵权责任　出处：《扬州大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,学校与学生之间的人身损害赔偿矛盾随着未成年学生校园伤害案件的频繁发生逐渐上什。在这些校园伤害案件中,关于学校在什么情况下承担责任,承担什么样的责任,说法不一。所以本文主要研究学生伤害事故中的学校责任。这一问题涉及的法律关系比较复杂,立法上的规定也比较原则和零散,给司法实践带来了不少难题。对于一些基本的问题在理论上研究还不够透彻,这对于保护学生的权益非常不利。本文所论述的校园伤害事故是指未成年学生在学校生活和学习期间受到的人身伤害事故。在此前提之下,围绕学校的侵权责任展开,首先理清学校和学生之间法律关系,明确学校责任的性质,然后探讨学校责任的归责原则,最后探讨现行法律法规中的不足和完善建议。希望能为我国未成年学生校园伤害事故的理论研究和法制建设尽一份绵薄之力。本文共有四章,内容如下所述：第一部分,对未成年学生校园伤害事故的概念和特征进行了界定,根据校园伤害中致害主体的不同,对未成年学生校园伤害事故进行了更为明晰的分类。同时,分析了校园伤害事故频发的原因,对学校和未成年在校学生的关系进行了界定。第二部分,阐述了学校在未成年学生校园伤害事故中侵权责任的构成要件,即必须有学生在学校学习或生活期间受到损害的客观事实,学校对损害的发生具有过错。其中,对过错的界定、判断学校存在过错的标准、认定学校过错时应注意的问题以及学校存在过错与学生遭受损害应有因果关系进行详细分析。同时阐明学校在校园伤害事故中的免责事由。第三部分,阐述了校园伤害事故的归责原则。笔者通过对比分析《侵权责任法》实施前后适用的不同法律法规来探讨校园伤害事故中适用何种归责原则对学校和学生更为公平,以期更好地保护学校和学生的合法权益。同时提出了校园伤害事故中现行法律法规的不足。第四部分,提出了校园伤害事故中学校侵权责任制度的完善建议,重点指出取消我国《侵权责任法》第40条“相应的补充责任”；明确损害赔偿时的“公平原则”的地位及适用；确定学生行为能力对归责原则的影响；并主张积极建立责任保险制度,调动各方积极力量,共同分担风险等等。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the conflict of compensation for personal injury between the school and the students has gradually increased with the frequent occurrence of minor students' campus injury cases. In these campus injury cases, there is a question about the circumstances under which the school should be held responsible. This article mainly studies the school responsibility in the student injury accident. The legal relationship involved in this problem is quite complicated, and the legislative provisions are also relatively principle and scattered. Has brought a lot of difficult problems to the judicial practice. The theoretical study on some basic problems is not thorough enough. This is very unfavorable to the protection of the rights and interests of students. The campus injury accident discussed in this paper refers to the personal injury accident suffered by minor students during their school life and study. First of all, it clarifies the legal relationship between school and students, clarifies the nature of school responsibility, and then discusses the principle of imputation of school responsibility. Finally, this paper discusses the shortcomings and suggestions in the current laws and regulations. I hope to contribute a little to the theoretical research and legal system construction of the campus injury accident of underage students in our country. There are four chapters in this paper, the contents are as follows: the first part, This paper defines the concept and characteristics of the minor students' campus injury accident, and classifies the minor student's campus injury accident more clearly according to the different injurious subject in the campus injury. This paper analyzes the causes of frequent campus injury accidents, defines the relationship between school and underage students. The second part expounds the constitutive requirements of tort liability in the campus injury accidents of underage students. That is, there must be the objective fact that students have been damaged during their study or life in school, and the school is at fault with the occurrence of the damage, among which, the definition of fault and the criteria for judging the existence of fault in the school, The problems that should be paid attention to when determining the fault of the school and the causality between the existence of the fault in the school and the damage suffered by the students are analyzed in detail. At the same time, the reasons of the school exemption in the campus injury accident are expounded. Part three, This paper expounds the principle of imputation of campus injury accident. By comparing and analyzing the different laws and regulations applied before and after the implementation of the Tort liability Law, the author discusses what kind of imputation principle is more fair to the school and the students in the campus injury accident. In order to better protect the legitimate rights and interests of the school and students. At the same time, it puts forward the deficiencies of the existing laws and regulations in the campus injury accident. 4th, and puts forward some suggestions to perfect the school tort liability system in the campus injury accident. The article 40 of our country's Tort liability Law "corresponding supplementary liability" should be abolished, the position and application of "fair principle" in compensation for damages should be made clear, and the influence of students' capacity on imputation principle should be determined. And advocate the establishment of liability insurance system, mobilize all the positive forces, shared risks and so on.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

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