建设工程价款优先受偿权实现问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 16:14

本文选题：建设工程价款 + 优先受偿权　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国《合同法》在第286条中规定了建设工程价款优先受偿权(以下简称优先权),其立法目的是为工程款的优先兑付提供法律基础。《合同法》在其实施后,经历了数十年的司法实践中,由于在建设工程优先权制度方面规定仅有寥寥数语,而司法实践中的案例千变万化,各地法院由于法官理解不同、素质参差不齐,对法律的把握不一致,从而在实践中适用该法条时无所适从。笔者在经历了鄂尔多斯市"三年大建设、三年大变样"的大背景下,经历大量建筑行业拖欠工程款的案例,对优先权制度也有过深入的研究,在参阅大量案例及理论研究的基础上,深刻认识到我国合同法及相关法律法规对优先权制度的规定难以满足实践的需要。因此,笔者从优先权的司法实践出发,利用本人在法律实践中的工作经历与体会,结合优先权的法律现状以及制度本身,对建设工程价款优先受偿权的相关问题进行探究。本文分为五部分。第一部分为建设工程价款优先受偿权的理论基础、性质。对优先权的概念进行阐述,并对实践中各类观点进行评析,指出当前理论界对优先权的看法以及司法实践中存在的问题,引发思考。第二部分为分析当前建设工程价款优先权实现的制度障碍。经分析认为,在当前建筑工程价款优先权实现过程中主要存在主体不确定、标的物范围模糊、工程价款起算点缺乏明确具体规定、预先放弃工程价款优先权的约定的效力不明确、工程价款优先受偿权行使的方式及程序规定不明确等问题,这些问题的存在正是当前司法实践中建设工程优先权无法实现的原因。第三部分为工程价款优先权与其他权利的冲突及其解决,着重阐述建设工程价款优先权与抵押权、权利之间发生冲突的情况及如何解决这些冲突。第四部分为实现建设工程款优先受偿权条件及途径。从建设工程款优先受偿权主体的确定、标的物范围的确定、起算日的确定、预先放弃工程价款优先权的约定效力的明确、工程价款优先受偿权行使的方式及程序设置五方面进行明确,才能有效确保建设工程款优先受偿权的实现。第五部分对建设工程款优先受偿权实现的配套制度的完善进行了思考。主要建议应该在实体法层面建立建设工程款优先受偿权登记制、在程序法层面以非诉程序进行保障,以进一步达到司法实践中建设工程款优先受偿权实现的目的。
[Abstract]:In Article 286 of the contract Law of our country, it is stipulated that the priority of payment of construction project price (hereinafter referred to as priority) is to provide a legal basis for the preferential payment of construction money. After decades of judicial practice, due to the fact that there are only a few words stipulated in the priority system of construction projects, and the cases in judicial practice vary, the judges in various places have different understandings and different qualities. Inconsistent grasp of the law makes it difficult to apply the law in practice. Under the background of "three years' construction, three years' big change" in Ordos, the author has experienced a large number of cases of construction industry defaulting on project payment, and has also made a deep research on the priority system. On the basis of reference to a large number of cases and theoretical studies, it is deeply recognized that the provisions of the priority system in China's contract law and related laws and regulations are difficult to meet the needs of practice. Therefore, starting from the judicial practice of priority, using my work experience and experience in legal practice, combined with the legal status quo of priority and the system itself, the author explores the relevant issues of the priority right to payment of construction project price. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part is the theoretical basis and nature of the priority right of the construction project price. This paper expounds the concept of priority, analyzes all kinds of viewpoints in practice, and points out the views of the current theoretical circle on priority and the problems existing in judicial practice. The second part is the analysis of the current construction project price priority to achieve the system obstacles. According to the analysis, the main body is uncertain, the scope of the subject matter is vague, and the starting point of the project price is not clearly specified in the process of realizing the priority of the construction project price. The validity of the agreement to give up the priority of the project price in advance is not clear, the way and procedure for the exercise of the priority right to receive the project price is not clear, The existence of these problems is the reason why the priority of construction project can not be realized in the current judicial practice. The third part is the conflict between the priority of the project price and other rights and its solution, focusing on the construction project price priority and mortgage, the conflict between the rights and how to resolve these conflicts. The fourth part is the condition and the way to realize the priority right of the construction project. From the determination of the main body of the priority right of payment of the construction project, the determination of the scope of the subject matter, the determination of the starting date, the determination of the agreed effect of the prior waiver of the priority of the project price, In order to ensure the realization of the priority compensation right of construction payment, five aspects of the way and procedure of the exercise of the priority right of payment for the project price can be made clear in order to effectively ensure the realization of the right of priority payment of the construction money. In the fifth part, the author thinks about the perfection of the supporting system. It is suggested that the registration system of priority compensation right of construction project should be established in the aspect of substantive law and the non-litigation procedure should be used in procedural law so as to achieve the purpose of realizing the priority right of payment of construction project in judicial practice.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.6

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