共有人优先购买权实务问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 13:03

本文选题：共有人 + 优先购买权　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：优先购买权是指某一共有人或承租人在其他共有人或出租人有偿转让其共有份额或者其所有的财产时,在同等条件下享有的比共有人以外的第三人优先购买的权利。在2007年实施的《物权法》中我国就规定了优先购买权制度,但是此项制度的规定还不够全面,法律并没有对优先购买权制度具体如何行使进行全面详尽的规定。即使后来的相关司法解释对这一制度进行了一定程度的完善,但是依然不能解决优先购买权制度在实际适用中产生的问题。鉴于此,作者运用案例分析和归纳分析等方法,针对优先购买权制度在司法实践中出现的问题进行探讨和研究,并得出最终结论,以达到保护权利人利益的目的。本文除引言和结论外分为四个部分。第一部分主要分析“转让”的含义及其在实践中的表现,并提出应对转让进行限缩解释的观点,同时针对拍卖实质上是一种转让方式的现实,分析拍卖如何适用优先购买权问题。另外,作者还认为《物权法》第97条仍然适用优先购买权,并提出了对《关于民法通则的意见》第92条规定的理解,以及此规定中的优先购买权不同于《物权法》101条规定的优先购买权的观点。第二部分提出了在权利人行使优先购买权行使过程中应该注意的问题,例如对于“同等条件”的理解与认定、出卖人的通知义务以及主张优先购买权的期限问题。第三部分着重分析了优先购买权行使的问题。分析了出卖人和优先购买权人的合同有效以及出卖人和第三人的合同也有效时的双重合同的效力问题,并对行使优先购买权后责任承担问题提出了自己的观点。另外作者还分析了行使优先购买权对于共有份额物权变动的影响。第四部分主要解决优先购买权行使中的权利冲突问题与解决途径。由于在司法实践中可能会出现多个共有人同时行使优先购买权以及共有人与承租人同时行使权力的问题,这会给司法实践带来一定困扰。所以在这部分中,作者首先解决共有人之间优先购买权的冲突问题并提出合理的解决途径,其次解决共有人与承租人优先购买权之间的冲突问题并提出解决途径。
[Abstract]:The preemptive right refers to the preemptive right enjoyed by a certain person or lessee under the same conditions than the third party other than the co-owner when the other co-owners or lessors transfer their common shares or all their property at the same time. The system of preemptive right has been stipulated in the Law of Real right in 2007, but the regulation of this system is not comprehensive enough, and the law does not have a comprehensive and detailed regulation on how to exercise the system of preemptive right. Even though the relevant judicial explanations have improved the system to a certain extent, it still can not solve the problem of the pre-emptive right system in the practical application. In view of this, the author makes use of the methods of case analysis and inductive analysis to discuss and study the problems in the judicial practice of the preemptive right system, and draws the final conclusion in order to achieve the purpose of protecting the interests of the obligee. In addition to the introduction and conclusions, this paper is divided into four parts. The first part mainly analyzes the meaning of "transfer" and its performance in practice, and puts forward the point of view that the transfer should be interpreted in restriction and contraction, and at the same time, it aims at the fact that auction is essentially a form of transfer. This paper analyzes how to apply the preemptive right to auction. In addition, the author holds that Article 97 of the Real Law still applies to the right of preemption, and gives an understanding of the provisions of Article 92 of the General principles of Civil Law. And the preemptive right in this regulation is different from the preemptive right stipulated in Article 101 of the Real right Law. The second part puts forward some problems that should be paid attention to in the exercise of preemptive right, such as the understanding and recognition of "equal conditions", the seller's obligation to notify and the time limit of preemption. The third part focuses on the issue of the exercise of the preemptive right. This paper analyzes the validity of the contract between the seller and the preemptive party and the double contract when the contract between the seller and the third party is also valid, and puts forward his own views on the responsibility after exercising the preemptive right. In addition, the author also analyzes the influence of the exercise of preemption right on the change of common share real right. The fourth part mainly resolves the conflict of rights in the exercise of preemptive right. In the judicial practice, there may appear the problems of several co-owners exercising the preemptive right at the same time and the co-owners and the lessees exercising the power at the same time, which will bring some troubles to the judicial practice. So in this part, the author first solves the conflict of the preemptive right between the co-owners and puts forward a reasonable way to solve the problem, and then solves the conflict between the co-owner and the lessee of the preemptive right and puts forward the solution.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.2

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