我国农地流转法律制度创新研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 10:44

本文选题：农地流转 + 政府角色　；参考：《河南师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,经济的发展提高了人类的生活水平,更多的人开始追求生活品质的提高,生态农业、休闲农业等新兴的农业发展方式逐渐兴起,越来越多人的目光投到了农村、农地上来,扩大了对农地的需求,影响着农村经济的发展方式;农村劳动力大量向城镇转移,土地经营权流转明显加快,发展农地规模经营的势头已不可扭转,提高了农业生产率、优化了农业资源配置,实现了农业增收和农民增收,推动了农业现代化、科技化进程。伴随着城市化进程与新型农村社区建设进程地不断推进,农村土地流转市场面临的问题也日益凸显。在现有的土地流转实践中政府越位缺位的现象仍旧存在,流转机制不完善,针对农地流转的立法缺失,农地流转市场发育缓慢且发育程度低制约了流转规模的扩大,农村保障体系不健全间接制约着农村土地的流转,而农村土地流转又关乎农民利益与农村稳定问题,故需要对政府在土地流转市场中的角色全新定位,培育新型农业经营主体,探索农地流转主体制度创新研究,健全农村土地流转所依据的法律法规,建立持续可行的农民保障权益机制,发挥典型示范的引导带头作用,以确保农村土地流转的有效进行及农村经济社会的快速发展。本文首先在第一章中梳理我国农地流转法律制度的变迁及现状,分析我国农地流转制度发展的四个阶段,即法律禁止阶段、政策允许法律禁止的阶段、政策规范法律开禁阶段、法律规范农村土地流转阶段,并通过对现有制度的梳理,总结并分析现有农地流转市场出现的问题。第二部分着重分析了农地流转法律制度的理论基础,从地租理论与效率公平理论两方面入手,以期为农地流转法律制度的存在及进一步发展确立可靠的理论基础。效率是评判一个法律制度是否精良的试金石,公平也是在制定法律制度与经济政策时同样需要考虑的方面,人们既不能接受没有效率的法律制度体系,也不能接受缺乏公平的经济制度体系。第三部分通过对和我国曾面临同样问题的美国、英国、法国、日本等国家及我国台湾地区的先进农地流转制度的梳理,探求我国在农地流转市场中应借鉴的制度及应注意的问题。第四部分从三个角度对农地流转法律制度进行创新研究。分别是:通过分析我国农地流转制度中政府定位出现的问题,论述政府在农地流转市场中应有的角色地位,并提出加强农村社保体系建设的意见;通过对农地流转市场中主体的现存问题分析,寻找完善农地流转市场中主体地位及主体法律制度的路径;以台湾地区的农地流转行为法律制度为典范,提出构建我国农地市场流转法律制度的展望。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the economic development has improved the human living standard, more people began to pursue the improvement of the quality of life, ecological agriculture, leisure agriculture and other emerging agricultural development methods are gradually rising, more and more people's attention to the rural areas. Agricultural land has expanded the demand for agricultural land and affected the mode of development of the rural economy. A large number of rural labor forces have been transferred to cities and towns, the circulation of land management rights has been obviously accelerated, and the momentum of developing large-scale management of agricultural land has become irrevocable. It improves the agricultural productivity, optimizes the allocation of agricultural resources, realizes the increase of agricultural income and farmers' income, and promotes the agricultural modernization and the process of science and technology. With the development of urbanization and the construction of new rural communities, the problems faced by the rural land circulation market are becoming increasingly prominent. In the current land transfer practice, the phenomenon of government offside absence still exists, the circulation mechanism is not perfect, the lack of legislation for the agricultural land transfer, the slow development of the agricultural land transfer market and the low level of development restrict the expansion of the circulation scale. The imperfect rural security system indirectly restricts the circulation of rural land, and the circulation of rural land is related to the interests of farmers and the stability of rural areas, so the role of the government in the land circulation market needs to be completely positioned to cultivate a new agricultural management body. To explore the innovation of rural land transfer subject system, improve the laws and regulations of rural land circulation, establish a sustainable and feasible mechanism for farmers to protect their rights and interests, and give play to the leading role of typical demonstration. In order to ensure the effective transfer of rural land and the rapid development of rural economy and society. In the first chapter, this paper combs the changes and the present situation of the legal system of agricultural land circulation in our country, and analyzes the four stages of the development of the agricultural land transfer system in China, namely, the phase of legal prohibition, the phase of policy allowing the legal prohibition, the stage of policy norm and the stage of law opening and banning. The stage of rural land circulation is regulated by law, and the problems in the current rural land circulation market are summarized and analyzed by combing the existing system. The second part focuses on the theoretical basis of the legal system of agricultural land transfer, starting with the theory of land rent and the theory of efficiency and fairness, in order to establish a reliable theoretical basis for the existence and further development of the legal system of agricultural land circulation. Efficiency is a litmus test of whether a legal system is good or not. Fairness is also an aspect that needs to be considered in the formulation of both legal and economic policies. People cannot accept an inefficient legal system. Nor can it accept a lack of a fair economic system. The third part combs the advanced farmland transfer systems of the United States, Britain, France, Japan and Taiwan, which have faced the same problems as China. This paper probes into the system and problems that should be used for reference in the agricultural land transfer market in our country. The fourth part carries on the innovation research to the farmland circulation legal system from three angles. They are as follows: through the analysis of the problems of government orientation in the agricultural land transfer system, this paper discusses the role of the government in the agricultural land transfer market, and puts forward some suggestions to strengthen the construction of rural social security system; Based on the analysis of the existing problems of the main body in the agricultural land transfer market, this paper tries to find the way to perfect the principal position and the subject legal system in the agricultural land transfer market, taking the behavior legal system of the agricultural land circulation in Taiwan as a model. The prospect of constructing the legal system of agricultural land market circulation in China is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.3;D923.2

【共引文献】