我国信用担保机构风险法律控制问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 09:20

本文选题：信用担保 + 信用担保机构　；参考：《安徽财经大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：现今,我国中小企业的发展对社会经济的良好运行有很大的影响,它在提高经济的增长和缓解就业的压力以及促进科学技术的进步和稳定社会良好秩序等方面都充当着非常重要的角色,尤其体现在经济增长方面,中小企业的促进作用是无法替代的。不管是在发展中国家还是在经济发达的国家,中小企业都已经形成或者在未来形成对本国国民经济的支柱力量。可见,中小企业的发展问题是非常值得我们重视的。而中小企业的健康发展在实践中却面临着多方因素的制约,尤其是融资难因素,大大制约着中小企业的发展。为解决这一难题而产生的信用担保机构也因实践运行中信用级别不高、资金不足等问题而负担着较高的风险。如今,由于我国信用担保法律制度体系和风险防范控制机制还不够完善,使风险向信用担保机构大量集中。而风险的过度集中和高代偿率问题又会导致信用担保机构担保能力下降,从而严重阻碍信用担保机构的融资功能。因此,我们要认真学习国外的成熟经验,努力构建符合我国现实国情的信用担保法律体系及风险防控机制,进而解决我国经济发展中的中小企融资困境。本文内容主要有四部分：第一部分是关于信用担保基本理论的阐述。这一章对信用担保的含义、产生和发展的历史以及法律性质等基础性的问题进行简单介绍和基本分析,为以下研究风险的防范控制制度打好基础。第二部分则深入研究了信用担保机构本身风险的来源和传导的机理及信用担保机构面临的风险,介绍风险的具体表现和主要成因。进而把我国信用担保风险的表现形式归纳为代偿、流动和信誉风险等。第三部分则是针对美国、日本、韩国的信用担保机构风险控制立法与实践对比。在对各国风险控制立法与实践进行对比之后,归纳总结出相对成熟的宝贵经验,为我国风险控制制度的完善提供一些良好的借鉴。第四部分在前文基础上进步分析导致这些风险出现的原因是因为我国信用担保法律体系、监管机制,信用担保机构内部风险预控制度以及外部风险预控制度存在的一些缺陷从而导致风险防控能力低下。最后针对我国信用担保机构风险的原因,并比较学习国外科学的立法经验和实践成果,着手建设信用担保法律体系和加强对信用担保机构的监管及其内部风险控制并加强外部风险的控制等这些来对我国信用担保机构风险控制制度加以完善。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in China has a great impact on the good operation of social economy. It plays a very important role in increasing economic growth and alleviating employment pressures, as well as in promoting scientific and technological progress and stabilizing social order, especially in terms of economic growth, The promotion function of medium and small enterprises is irreplaceable. Whether in the developing countries or in the economically developed countries, SMEs have formed or will form the backbone of their national economy in the future. Visible, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises is very worthy of our attention. The healthy development of small and medium-sized enterprises in practice is facing many constraints, especially the financing difficulties, which greatly restricts the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. In order to solve this problem, the credit guarantee institutions also bear higher risks because of the problems of low credit grade and insufficient funds in practice. Nowadays, because the legal system of credit guarantee and the mechanism of risk prevention and control in our country are not perfect enough, the risk is concentrated in the credit guarantee institution. The excessive concentration of risk and the problem of high repayment rate will lead to the decline of the guarantee ability of the credit guarantee institution, which seriously hinders the financing function of the credit guarantee institution. Therefore, we should study the mature experience of foreign countries and try our best to construct the legal system of credit guarantee and the mechanism of risk prevention and control in accordance with the reality of our country, so as to solve the financing dilemma of SMEs in the economic development of our country. There are four parts in this paper: the first part is about the basic theory of credit guarantee. This chapter briefly introduces and analyzes the meaning of credit guarantee, the history of its emergence and development, the nature of law and other basic problems, which lays a good foundation for the following research on risk prevention and control system. The second part deeply studies the origin and transmission mechanism of the risk of the credit guarantee institution and the risk faced by the credit guarantee institution, and introduces the concrete manifestation and the main cause of the risk. Furthermore, the forms of credit guarantee risk in China are summarized as compensation, flow and credit risk. The third part is aimed at the United States, Japan, South Korea credit guarantee agency risk control legislation and practice comparison. After comparing the legislation and practice of risk control in various countries, this paper sums up the relatively mature valuable experience and provides some good reference for the perfection of risk control system in our country. In the fourth part, on the basis of the previous analysis, the reasons for the emergence of these risks are the legal system of credit guarantee in China, the regulatory mechanism. The internal risk pre-control system and the external risk pre-control system of the credit guarantee organization have some defects, which lead to the low risk prevention and control ability. Finally, aiming at the causes of the risk of credit guarantee institutions in China, and comparing the experience and practice of foreign scientific legislation, To perfect the risk control system of credit guarantee institutions in our country, we should start to construct the legal system of credit guarantee, strengthen the supervision of credit guarantee institutions, control the internal risks and strengthen the control of external risks.
【学位授予单位】：安徽财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.28;D923

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