论消费者反悔权的法律适用

发布时间：2018-06-07 23:35

本文选题：消费者 + 反悔权　；参考：《南京大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国市场经济的迅猛发展,消费领域的交易行为也日趋复杂,消费者的权益更加容易受到侵害,对消费者利益的倾斜保护,顺应了对消费者权益保护的国际趋势,也是市场经济发展的必然选择,各国都通过立法倾斜保护消费者,反悔权就是其中重要的措施,我国在2013年新修消法第25条规定了反悔权制度,使反悔权制度的研究更加有现实意义,但是反悔权是对契约自由的否定,其引入是否存在体系和价值的冲突以及如何解释其正当性,一直是理论界争论的问题,同时第25条的规定较为笼统,在具体适用时还需要解释其要件,所以本文旨在分析反悔权产生背景和借鉴外国立法的基础上探讨反悔权的理论和解释其具体适用。本文除了问题的提出和结论部分外,共分为三大部分:第一部分是对反悔权基本理论的阐述。首先是对反悔权产生背景的阐述,通过分析反悔权产生的大背景为下文反悔权价值基础的论述打下基础,反悔权是近代市场经济发展的产物,也是近代法律思想变迁的产物,它突破了传统的契约自由理念,体现了现代法律对于实质正义的追求。其次梳理了各国反悔权的发展,可以看出反悔权的制度构建的共同框架以及反悔权发展的大概脉络,其中欧盟和德国关于反悔权的立法相当完善,其制度构建和先进的立法技术可以为我国反悔权的解释适用提供借鉴材料。最后阐述反悔权的价值基础,价值基础是反悔权制度建构的理论依据、立法模式以及具体的制度设计的基础。反悔权产生于近代民法理念变迁的思潮中,是实质正义价值的体现,反映了近代民法保护弱者和意志自由的所作出的突破。同时作为平衡经营者和消费者之间利益的工具,反悔权的制度设计中还体现着法律追求社会整体效率的价值目标。第二部分重点分析了我国《消法》25条的具体适用,《消法》25条规定了反悔权的适用范围、行使期限、法律后果等内容,但是由于语言叙述和立法技术的局限性,在具体适用时还需要解释相关要素的含义,本部分在反悔权制度的框架内立足现行法解释论,通过对域外立法的借鉴和对法条的解释,明确消费者反悔权的具体适用规则。第三部分介绍了反悔权行使的法律后果,即解除合同,双方恢复到合同订立前的状态,具体包括消费者退回商品,经营者退还货款,消费者承担退货的运费。法律后果的设计关系着双方责任的承担和利益的平衡,是反悔权制度中关键的一节。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's market economy, the transaction behavior in the consumption field is becoming more and more complex, and the rights and interests of consumers are more easily infringed. The protection of the interests of consumers, conforming to the international trend of protecting the rights and interests of consumers, is also an inevitable choice for the development of the market economy. All countries are inclined to protect consumers through legislation and regret. Right is one of the important measures. In China, the twenty-fifth article of the new elimination law in 2013 stipulates the system of the right of repent, which makes the study of the system of the right of reesture more realistic. But the right of rep is the negation of the freedom of contract. It is a question in the theoretical circles that its introduction of the conflict of the existence of system and value and how to explain its legitimacy. The twenty-fifth provisions are more general and need to be explained in the specific application, so this article aims to analyze the background of the right of remission and to discuss the theory of the right of repact on the basis of foreign legislation and explain its specific application. This article is divided into three parts except the question and the conclusion part: the first part is the right of Rep The elaboration of the basic theory, first of all, is the elaboration of the background of the right to repent. Through the analysis of the background of the creation of the right of reestal, it lays the foundation for the discussion of the value basis of the right of reesty. The right of rep is the product of the development of modern market economy and the product of the change of modern legal thought. It breaks through the traditional idea of freedom of contract and embodies the modernity. According to the pursuit of the substantive justice. Secondly, it combs the development of the right of reestal in various countries. We can see the common framework of the institutional construction of the right of repent and the outline of the development of the right of repent. The legislation of the EU and Germany on the right of reestal is perfect, and the construction of the system and the advanced legislative technology can be applied to the interpretation of the right of regret in our country. In the end, it provides the reference material. Finally, it expounds the value basis of the right of reesture. The value basis is the theoretical basis for the construction of the right of repent, the mode of legislation and the basis of the specific design of the system. At the same time, as a tool to balance the interests of the operators and consumers, the system design of the right of remorse also embodies the value goal of the law pursuing the overall efficiency of the society. The second part focuses on the specific application of the ">25" in China, and "the elimination method >25 stipulates the scope of application of the right of repentance, the duration of the exercise, the legal consequences, etc. But because of the limitations of language narration and legislative technology, it also needs to explain the meaning of the relevant elements in the concrete application. This part is based on the present law interpretation in the framework of the retse right system. Through the reference of foreign legislation and the interpretation of the law, the specific application rules of the right of consumer regret are clearly defined. The third part introduces the rules. The legal consequences of the exercise of the right of repact, that is, the rescission of the contract and the resumption of the two parties to the state before the conclusion of the contract, including the return of the goods to the consumer, the return of the goods by the operator and the freight for the return of the goods. The design of the legal consequences is related to the balance of the responsibilities and interests of the two parties, which is the key part of the system of Rep.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.8

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