论我国自助行为的界定

发布时间：2019-05-12 07:36

【摘要】：作为民事私力救济方式之一的自助行为在现实社会中大量存在,它在权利的实现与保护过程中发挥了积极的作用,它本身带有的合理性也日益受到人们的认可。但是,由于现行民事立法没有正面规范自助行为制度,使得客观存在的自助行为常常因为缺乏法律必要的规制,而被认定为违法行为。如何通过规则设计发挥自助行为的积极作用,划清其与违法行为的界限,对司法实践有着重要意义。本文通过对自助行为的概念、性质及构成要件等诸要素进行分析论证,希望能对如何界定自助行为认定标准及对正在制定的民法典草案有所裨益。笔者认为,自助行为在民事权利的实现和保护过程中正在发挥着不可替代的作用,应该把它作为民事权利保障和实现体系的重要组成部分来加以完善,不仅有利于明确对司法实践中此类问题的认定和裁判标准,划清与侵权的界限,而且对完善民法体系权利救济体系也是有积极意义的。在文章的结构体系编排上,作者首先分析了国内外学者对自助行为的有关理论研究和有关自助行为的立法实践,紧接着又指明了我国有关自助行为的理论认识和实践发展,并对两者进行比较,然后以民法的本质及法理价值为基础,围绕自助行为的概念界定、制度的必要性及自助行为应遵循的基本原则、构成要件、类型化设计、行为限度,配套制度建设等方面展开论述,最后在前文论述基础上对于在我国民事立法上设立自助行为规则进行了探讨,希望通过类型化,能为实践中的自助行为界定明确的判断标准,划清其与不当自助行为的界限,促进自助行为的法制化和体系化,从而在总体上促进我国民事私力救济体系的发展和完善。
[Abstract]:As one of the ways of civil private relief, self-help behavior exists in a large number of real society, it has played a positive role in the realization and protection of rights, and its own rationality has been increasingly recognized by people. However, because the current civil legislation does not positively regulate the self-help behavior system, the objective existence of self-help behavior is often recognized as illegal because of the lack of necessary legal regulation. How to give full play to the positive role of self-help behavior through the design of rules and make clear the boundary between self-help behavior and illegal act is of great significance to judicial practice. Based on the analysis and demonstration of the concept, nature and constituent elements of self-help behavior, this paper hopes to be beneficial to how to define the identification standard of self-help behavior and to the draft civil code being formulated. The author believes that self-help behavior is playing an irreplaceable role in the realization and protection of civil rights, and it should be improved as an important part of the protection and realization system of civil rights. It is not only helpful to clarify the identification and adjudication standards of this kind of problems in judicial practice, and to draw the boundary between infringement and infringement, but also has positive significance to perfect the right relief system of civil law system. In the arrangement of the structure and system of the article, the author first analyzes the relevant theoretical research on self-help behavior and the legislative practice of self-help behavior by scholars at home and abroad, and then points out the theoretical understanding and practical development of self-help behavior in our country. And compare the two, and then on the basis of the nature and legal value of civil law, around the concept of self-help behavior definition, the necessity of the system and the basic principles that should be followed by self-help behavior, constituent elements, typed design, behavior limits, This paper discusses the construction of supporting system and so on. Finally, on the basis of the previous discussion, this paper probes into the establishment of self-help behavior rules in the civil legislation of our country, hoping that through typology, it can define the clear judgment standard of self-help behavior in practice. Draw the boundary between it and improper self-help behavior, promote the legalization and systematization of self-help behavior, so as to promote the development and perfection of civil private relief system in our country as a whole.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

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