加纳农村家庭中的不平等、两极化和贫困分析
发布时间：2021-09-23 01:22
关于家庭经济福利分配和减贫的问题一直是许多经济学家和政策制定者关注的问题。然而,缩小特定人群经济福利差距的进展并不令人满意,特别是在撒哈拉以南非洲的农村家庭中。同样,转变收入增长以减少不平等和两极分化一直是一项挑战,并且限制了较贫穷的人群沿着收入阶梯加入高收入群体。与此同时,非洲农户中的贫困现象普遍存在,难以将其降至最低,但这种困难是否可以归因于高度不平等和经济福利两极分化,这在非洲农业部门获取的调查证据还不够充分。本文借鉴收入不平等、两极分化和贫困的概念,对农户经济福利指标的分布进行了实证分析。撒哈拉以南非洲土地系统框架的特点是农场规模的多样性和各种收入来源包括非农就业。本文利用这种框架,并考虑不同的气候条件。气候条件的差异取决于农业生态位置的差异,而农业生态位置的差异又与种植的作物类型直接相关。因此,本文回答的主要问题是农业部门的多样化特征以及其他因素如何影响加纳农民收入不平等、两极分化和贫困经济福利指标的分布。在已有的研究中,这些问题没有得到充分的回答。此外,本研究中考察的问题对于提供减少收入不平等、两极分化和贫困的协调方法非常重要,最终目标是提高农民的生活水平。本文的第一个目标...
【文章来源】：浙江大学浙江省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：226 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
摘要
ABSTRACT
LIST OF ACRONYMS
1 General Introduction
1.1 Background and the problem statement
1.2 Main research questions and the objectives of the study
1.3 Research methods
1.4 Structure of the thesis
1.5 Innovations of the study and contributions to academic literature
2 Review of Relevant Literature
2.1 Economic well-being indicators
2.1.1 Poverty as an economic well-being indicator
2.1.2 Poverty distribution patterns in Ghana
2.1.3 Economic well-being and farmers' income sources
2.1.4 Economic well-being and crop productions
2.2 Theory of equal opportunity and economic inequality
2.2.1 Concepts of equal opportunity
2.2.2 Context of Ghana's agricultural sector and the absence of equal opportunity
2.3 Inequality and polarisation of economic outcomes
2.3.1 Concepts of economic outcomes of inequality and polarisation
2.3.2 Economic inequality and polarisation issues in Ghana
2.3.3 Income mobility
2.4 Summary of the chapter
3 The incidence of Income Inequality, Polarisation and Poverty among Rural FarmHouseholds in Ghana
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Analytical Methods
3.2.1 Income inequality indices
3.2.2 Income polarisation indices
3.2.3 Poverty index
3.2.4 Other statistical methods
3.3 Data source
3.4 Descriptive results
3.4.1 Variation in types of crops cultivated among the households
3.4.2 Examining economic well-being indicators
3.5. Analytical results
3.5.1 Income inequality among the households
3.5.2 Income polarisation among the households
3.5.3 Implications for poverty distribution among the households
3.6 Summary of the chapter
4 Determinants of Income Inequality and Poverty among Rural Farm Households in Ghana
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Analytical framework
4.3 Econometric models and the dependent variables
4.3.1 Poverty measurement and model
4.3.2 Income inequality model
4.3.3 Independent variables
4.4 Descriptive statistics
4.4.1 Variation in employment types and income sources
4.4.2 Characteristics of rural farm households
4.5 Analytical results
4.5.1 Determinants of income inequality distribution
4.5.2 Determinants of poverty distribution
4.6 Summary of the chapter
5 Drivers of Income Polarisation and the Implications for Poverty among Farmers in Ghana
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Analytical methods and data sources
5.2.1 Diagnosis of income groups and polarisation
5.2.2 Segregation of the farmers into the identified income groups
5.2.3 Modelling identification of farmers into income groups
5.2.4 Data sources
5.3 Descriptive results
5.3.1 Employment patterns in rural Ghana
5.3.2 Diagnosis of income groups using density curves
5.3.3 Diagnosis of income groups using polarisation and deficit-income ratios
5.3.4 Descriptive statistics of the variables by the income groups
5.4 Empirical results
5.4.1 Hazard functions of identification with the higher-income groups
5.4.2 Survival function farmers' identification with the higher income groups
5.4.3 Modelling the rate of farmer identification with higher income groups
5.5 Summary of the chapter
6 Main Findings, Policy Implications and Conclusions
6.1 Summary and main findings
6.1.1 Summary of the scope of the thesis
6.1.2 Main findings
6.2 Policy implications
6.2.1 Reduction in inequality for poverty alleviation
6.2.2 Reduction in polarisation for poverty alleviations
6.3 Limitations, suggestions for future studies and conclusion
6.3.1 Limitations, suggestions for future studies
6.3.2 Conclusions
References
Appendices
List of publications
Personal profile
本文编号：3404745
【文章来源】：浙江大学浙江省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：226 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
摘要
ABSTRACT
LIST OF ACRONYMS
1 General Introduction
1.1 Background and the problem statement
1.2 Main research questions and the objectives of the study
1.3 Research methods
1.4 Structure of the thesis
1.5 Innovations of the study and contributions to academic literature
2 Review of Relevant Literature
2.1 Economic well-being indicators
2.1.1 Poverty as an economic well-being indicator
2.1.2 Poverty distribution patterns in Ghana
2.1.3 Economic well-being and farmers' income sources
2.1.4 Economic well-being and crop productions
2.2 Theory of equal opportunity and economic inequality
2.2.1 Concepts of equal opportunity
2.2.2 Context of Ghana's agricultural sector and the absence of equal opportunity
2.3 Inequality and polarisation of economic outcomes
2.3.1 Concepts of economic outcomes of inequality and polarisation
2.3.2 Economic inequality and polarisation issues in Ghana
2.3.3 Income mobility
2.4 Summary of the chapter
3 The incidence of Income Inequality, Polarisation and Poverty among Rural FarmHouseholds in Ghana
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Analytical Methods
3.2.1 Income inequality indices
3.2.2 Income polarisation indices
3.2.3 Poverty index
3.2.4 Other statistical methods
3.3 Data source
3.4 Descriptive results
3.4.1 Variation in types of crops cultivated among the households
3.4.2 Examining economic well-being indicators
3.5. Analytical results
3.5.1 Income inequality among the households
3.5.2 Income polarisation among the households
3.5.3 Implications for poverty distribution among the households
3.6 Summary of the chapter
4 Determinants of Income Inequality and Poverty among Rural Farm Households in Ghana
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Analytical framework
4.3 Econometric models and the dependent variables
4.3.1 Poverty measurement and model
4.3.2 Income inequality model
4.3.3 Independent variables
4.4 Descriptive statistics
4.4.1 Variation in employment types and income sources
4.4.2 Characteristics of rural farm households
4.5 Analytical results
4.5.1 Determinants of income inequality distribution
4.5.2 Determinants of poverty distribution
4.6 Summary of the chapter
5 Drivers of Income Polarisation and the Implications for Poverty among Farmers in Ghana
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Analytical methods and data sources
5.2.1 Diagnosis of income groups and polarisation
5.2.2 Segregation of the farmers into the identified income groups
5.2.3 Modelling identification of farmers into income groups
5.2.4 Data sources
5.3 Descriptive results
5.3.1 Employment patterns in rural Ghana
5.3.2 Diagnosis of income groups using density curves
5.3.3 Diagnosis of income groups using polarisation and deficit-income ratios
5.3.4 Descriptive statistics of the variables by the income groups
5.4 Empirical results
5.4.1 Hazard functions of identification with the higher-income groups
5.4.2 Survival function farmers' identification with the higher income groups
5.4.3 Modelling the rate of farmer identification with higher income groups
5.5 Summary of the chapter
6 Main Findings, Policy Implications and Conclusions
6.1 Summary and main findings
6.1.1 Summary of the scope of the thesis
6.1.2 Main findings
6.2 Policy implications
6.2.1 Reduction in inequality for poverty alleviation
6.2.2 Reduction in polarisation for poverty alleviations
6.3 Limitations, suggestions for future studies and conclusion
6.3.1 Limitations, suggestions for future studies
6.3.2 Conclusions
References
Appendices
List of publications
Personal profile
本文编号：3404745
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