低成本、自动化血检系统的搭建与研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 20:24

本文选题：血细胞计数 + 点治疗　；参考：《中国科学技术大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：细胞计数是医院进行血常规检查的项目之一,精确地测定人体血液中血细胞的数量是众多临床诊断的重要依据。目前,市场上用于血细胞计数的流式血检仪器大多是由医疗中心配置,其体积庞大,价格昂贵,且需要专业的操作者,并不适用于小诊所、家庭及户外使用。针对上述问题,本文设计了一种低成本、自动化的血检系统,实现对红细胞、血小板、白细胞及其三分类的计数。系统由一个相机,一个物镜,两个LED光源,两个电动位移平台,一台处理电脑以及其他光学部件组成。相比较之前的工作,在三个方面做了改进:显微系统的结构更紧凑;样品准备只需一种试剂且此试剂性能稳定;样品的移动和对焦完全自动化,操作者可以一键完成。并且整个系统的成本也大大减少。为了验证系统性能,我们进行了一系列的对比实验,令训练有素和未经训练的操作者分别操做此系统,共进行120份血液样品的计数,然后使用Bland-Altman分析方法将不同操作者所测结果与临床所得结果做比较,比较结果表明系统分析结果与临床所得结果保持很好的一致性。同时也比较了不同操作者所测结果之间的差异性,结果显示不同操作者所测结果之间并没有明显的差异性,说明该系统适用于不同水平的操作者。由于使用廉价的零部件,优化的结构设计和自动对焦方法,使得这套血检系统具有低成本、易操作、高准确性等优点。这些优点使得此血检仪器系统可以应用在缺乏大型血检设备的资源匮乏地区或场所,因而此系统具有广泛的应用前景。
[Abstract]:Cell count is one of the items of blood routine examination in hospitals. Accurate measurement of blood cells in human blood is an important basis for clinical diagnosis. At present, most of the flow blood examination instruments used in the market for blood cell count are configured by medical centers. They are huge, expensive, and need professional operators, so they are not suitable for small clinics, homes and outdoor use. In order to solve the above problems, a low cost and automatic blood examination system is designed to count red blood cells, platelets, white blood cells and their three categories. The system consists of a camera, an objective lens, two LED light sources, two electric displacement platforms, a processing computer and other optical components. Compared with the previous work, improvements have been made in three aspects: the microstructure of the microsystem is more compact; the preparation of the sample requires only one reagent and its performance is stable; and the movement and focusing of the sample are completely automated, and the operator can complete it with one click. And the cost of the whole system is also greatly reduced. To verify the performance of the system, we conducted a series of comparative experiments in which trained and untrained operators operated the system separately and counted a total of 120 blood samples. Then the Bland-Altman analysis method is used to compare the results of different operators with the clinical results. The results show that the results of the system analysis are in good agreement with the clinical results. At the same time, the differences between different operators are compared. The results show that there is no obvious difference between the results of different operators, indicating that the system is suitable for different levels of operators. Because of the use of cheap parts, optimized structure design and automatic focusing method, the system has the advantages of low cost, easy operation and high accuracy. These advantages make the system can be used in the lack of large blood testing equipment resources in areas or places, so this system has a broad application prospects.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH77

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