基于航班延误成本的停机位分配优化研究

发布时间：2019-05-12 08:28

【摘要】：随着我国社会经济的快速发展,民航业的发展也蒸蒸日上,在全国各地大型枢纽机场航班不断增多、旅客吞吐量屡创新高的同时,也为各大机场的航班保障能力带来严峻的考验。机场所拥有的停机位是航空器在地面停靠的场所,是地面作业正常运转的前提条件。停机位的合理分配,是保障机场地面各项工作顺利高效的开展,更是机场整体保障能力的重要体现。因此,加大停机位合理分配的研究,对全部民航产业的发展提升有着举足轻重的作用。在论文的撰写过程中,以参考的大量关于停机位分配的文献作为基础,详细总结了目前海内外学者关于停机位分配的研究成果。结合机场停机位的整个分配过程、所涉及的航班类型以及航空公司运营成本的构成,选取在机场停机位实际分配过程中比较难的实时分配,也即是停机位的再分配为研究基础,选取该机场所有过站航班(有后序航班的进港航班),特别是延误的过站航班为研究对象,对延误的过站航班预分配的停机位进行再分配,以实现优化停机位的再分配为研究目标。以延误的过站航班为研究对象、优化停机位再分配为研究目标,本文利用延误过站航班的预计延误时间、预分配的停机位为研究的数据基础,建立了以延误过站航班的延误成本(延误时间成本、调整停机位带来的距离成本)的双目标的初步、改进优化模型,之后利用线性加权法将双目标转化成单目标,以总的延误成本最小为目标函数,设计求解模型的初始、改进遗传算法。在最后实例仿真中,用初始、改进的遗传算法算出的目标函数结果与利用实际操作中再分配的停机位方案算出的目标函数结果进行比较,发现能在程序结果中找到比实际操作中给预分配的停机位进行再分配更优化的方案。这为降低航空公司由于航班延误产生的额外经济成本,同时保障机场运行相关工作有序高效的开展提供一定的理论参考和支持。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy in our country, the development of civil aviation industry is also booming. At the same time, with the increasing number of large hub airport flights in various parts of the country, the passenger throughput has repeatedly reached new highs. It also brings a severe test to the flight support ability of major airports. The parking space owned by the airport is the place where the aircraft stops on the ground and is a prerequisite for the normal operation of the ground operation. The reasonable allocation of parking space is not only to ensure the smooth and efficient development of airport ground work, but also an important embodiment of the overall support capacity of the airport. Therefore, increasing the research on the reasonable allocation of parking space plays an important role in the development and promotion of all civil aviation industry. In the process of writing this paper, based on a large number of references on parking space allocation, the current research results of parking space allocation at home and abroad are summarized in detail. Combined with the whole allocation process of airport parking stations, the types of flights involved and the composition of airline operating costs, it is difficult to select the real-time allocation in the actual allocation process of airport parking places, that is, the redistribution of parking places as the basis of research. Select all terminal flights at the airport (incoming flights with subsequent flights), especially delayed outbound flights, as the object of study, and reallocate the pre-allocated parking spaces for delayed cross-terminal flights. In order to realize the redistribution of optimal stop position as the research goal. Taking delayed outbound flights as the object of study, and optimizing the redistribution of stops as the research objective, this paper makes use of the expected delay time of delayed transiting flights and pre-allocated stops as the data basis of the study. In this paper, a two-objective optimization model based on delay cost (delay time cost, adjusting distance cost) is established, and then the linear weighting method is used to transform the two-objective into a single-objective, and then the method of linear weighting is used to transform the two-objective into a single-objective. Taking the minimum total delay cost as the objective function, the initial solution of the model is designed and the genetic algorithm is improved. In the final example simulation, the result of the objective function calculated by the initial and improved genetic algorithm is compared with the result of the objective function calculated by using the reallocated stopping bit scheme in the actual operation. It is found that a more optimized scheme can be found in the program results than in the actual operation. This provides some theoretical reference and support for reducing the additional economic costs caused by flight delays and ensuring the orderly and efficient development of airport operation related work.
【学位授予单位】：中国民用航空飞行学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：V355

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