我国特大城市智能交通管理问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 05:08

本文选题：智能交通　切入点：公共管理　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近几年,社会经济的高速发展,人们收入水平的不断增加,家庭汽车的消费量成倍增加,这在给人们生活带来极大便利的同时也使人类自食恶果,突出表现在上下班高峰期以及节假日的道路拥堵,严重影响了正常的出行及生活需要；更为让人担忧的是交通事故屡屡发生,安全隐患不可忽视；伴随着汽车、公交车以及物流用车等的发展所带来的能源紧缺、大气污染、噪声污染等环境问题不仅直接影响着城市居民的生存环境而且也给政府的治理带来了极大的困难。政府作为日常事务的主要管理者,在处理交通问题上也采取了很多积极的措施,其中最科学的就是借鉴国外的管理经验,引进智能技术,改变传统的以人为主的治理方式。单纯通过扩建和再修建道路的做法已不能适应社会发展的需要,所以政府部门就开始利用高新技术,研究其运用在道路交通的可行性,智能交通也就应运而生了。我们定义特大城市是指市区常住人口为500万以上的城市。由于我国智能交通运用比较成熟的是一些诸如北京、上海、广州等特大城市,本文智能交通管理的立足点就是这些特大城市。笔者在阅读大量国内外有关智能交通管理的文献基础上对智能交通形成了的初步的概念。在文章中首先初步分析了智能交通管理的理论基础,重点介绍新公共管理理论对我国智能交通管理的指导意义,接着对我国特大城市智能交通管理的技术(GIS、SDSS、VCIP、RFID)适应性进行了分析,进而对我国特大城市的管理现状进行了考察,找出我国特大城市智能交通管理所存在问题的原因,并结合欧洲、美国、日本等发达国家的先进经验,以及我国的实际情况提出我国特大城市智能交通管理的优化措施,包括产学研技术层面的优化措施如政府管理与产学研机构相挂钩,以技术促管理,科学规划、以人为本,建立专职管理机构,建立交通部、保险协会、安全协会三方协调管理的机制,鼓励外资进入,完善交通立法工作,分类指导、区别对待等。最终得出本论文的结论及对未来的展望,以期完善我国特大城市智能交通管理,方便人们的出行,提升城市生活质量。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of social economy, people's income level has been increasing, and the consumption of family cars has increased exponentially, which not only brings great convenience to people's life, but also causes people to eat their own evil effects. Prominent in the rush hour and holiday road congestion, seriously affected the normal travel and life needs; more worrying is the frequent occurrence of traffic accidents, safety risks can not be ignored; accompanied by cars, The development of buses and logistics vehicles has brought about a shortage of energy and air pollution. Environmental problems, such as noise pollution, not only directly affect the living environment of urban residents, but also bring great difficulties to the governance of the government. Many positive measures have also been taken to deal with traffic problems, among which the most scientific one is to draw lessons from foreign management experience and introduce intelligent technology. To change the traditional people-oriented governance. Simply by expanding and reconstructing roads can no longer meet the needs of social development. Therefore, government departments have begun to use high and new technologies to study the feasibility of using them in road traffic. Intelligent transportation also came into being. We define megacities as cities with a permanent population of more than 5 million. Since the use of intelligent transportation in China is relatively mature, some mega-cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, etc. In this paper, the foothold of intelligent traffic management is these mega-cities. The author has formed a preliminary concept of intelligent transportation on the basis of reading a large number of domestic and foreign literature on intelligent transportation management. The theoretical basis of intelligent traffic management, This paper mainly introduces the guiding significance of the new public management theory to the intelligent transportation management in our country, and then analyzes the adaptability of the technology of intelligent traffic management in China's mega-cities (GISSS-VCIPRFID), and then investigates the present situation of the management of the mega-cities in China. To find out the causes of the problems existing in the intelligent traffic management in China's mega-cities, and combine the advanced experiences of developed countries such as Europe, the United States, Japan, and other developed countries, and the actual situation in China, to put forward the optimization measures for the intelligent traffic management in China's mega-cities. Including the optimization measures at the level of industry, university and research technology, such as the linkage between government management and industry, academic and research institutions, the promotion of technology for management, scientific planning, people-oriented, the establishment of full-time management agencies, the establishment of the Ministry of Communications, the insurance association, The safety association coordinates the management mechanism among three parties, encourages the foreign capital to enter, consummates the traffic legislation work, classifies the instruction, distinguishes the treatment and so on. Finally, draws the conclusion of this paper and prospects for the future, in order to consummate our country mega-city intelligent transportation management, Convenient for people to travel, improve the quality of life in the city.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D630

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