广东省医疗大数据建设中的政府作用研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 17:41

本文选题：广东省 + 医疗大数据　；参考：《广西师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来随着医疗卫生信息化的发展,大数据时代也已进入到了医疗卫生领域,医疗卫生业务过程同样也是个医疗大数据累积的过程,并会对医疗卫生行业产生巨大的影响。医疗行业早就面临着海量数据及非结构化数据的双重挑战,它涉及面比较广,包括临床辅助决策、临床试验分析、疾病防治、卫生质量监管、公共政策制定等方面。伴随着移动互联网、物联网和云计算等技术的快速发展,医疗大数据的发展能够有效提升医疗的效果和效率,并对普通民众的生活和政府政策的制定产生深刻的影响。经过多年的发展,医疗卫生信息化已取得了不错的成绩,为医疗大数据的发展奠定了良好的基础。医疗卫生信息化是与医疗服务和管理有关的数据系统与管理信息系统,偏重于医院内部的信息平台建设,只能在特定的封闭系统内相对较好地进行数据的交换和共享。在此其础上发展而来的区域卫生信息系统,它也是在特定区域内信息系统的数据交换和共享的平台,而医疗大数据则是基于统一的数据和信息标准建立的跨医院、跨区域的信息资源共享平台,是一个开放的系统。由此可见,大数据的建设超越了医疗卫生信息化建设范畴,是一个自上而下的推动过程,因此,探讨政府在医疗大数据建设中的重要作用及相关政策就显得尤为重要和迫切。本文回顾了广东省医疗大数据建设发展历程,分析了广东省的医疗大数据建设过程中存在的一系列问题,如医疗大数据建设的资金投入不足,项目开发存在盲目开发或重复投资的情况；医疗大数据开发缺乏有效的统筹规划和协作,条块分割突出,各自为政,开发成本高；信息系统功能不规范,数据标准不统一,共享程度低,难以互联互通等,系统探讨了导致广东省医疗大数据建设现状的主要成因有：一是政策制定主体对大数据建设的重视程度不够；二是大数据建设过程中缺乏统一的标准；三是大数据建设相关的法制体系缺失；四是大数据建设资金来源渠道较为单一；五是精通计算机和医学知识的跨专业人才匮乏。针对广东省医疗大数据建设的现状及其成因,在借鉴国外医疗大数据建设经验的基础上,从公共管理的角度,提出了5个方面的对策和建议：一是建立政府主导的大数据建设体系,鼓励和扶持大数据的创新和创业,在全社会弘扬数据文化；二是发挥广东省大数据管理局统筹医疗大数据建设的作用；三是健全大数据的法制体制建设；四是拓宽大数据建设资金来源,并完善筹资与资金使用监管机制；五是从高校和医疗机构两个方面入手,重视人才的培养和使用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of medical and health information, big data era has also entered the field of medical and health care, medical and health business process is also a cumulative process of medical big data, and will have a huge impact on the medical and health industry. The medical industry has long been faced with the dual challenges of massive data and unstructured data, which involves a wide range of aspects, including clinical decision-making, clinical trial analysis, disease prevention and control, health quality supervision, public policy making and so on. With the rapid development of mobile Internet, Internet of things and cloud computing technology, the development of medical big data can effectively improve the effectiveness and efficiency of medical care, and have a profound impact on the lives of ordinary people and the formulation of government policies. After years of development, medical and health informatization has achieved good results, and laid a good foundation for the development of medical big data. Medical and health information is a data system and management information system related to medical service and management. It emphasizes on the construction of information platform within the hospital and can only exchange and share data relatively well in a specific closed system. The regional health information system developed on this basis is also a platform for data exchange and sharing of information systems in specific regions, while medical big data is a cross-hospital based on unified data and information standards. Cross-regional information resource sharing platform is an open system. It can be seen from this that big data's construction has gone beyond the scope of medical and health informatization construction and is a top-down promotion process. Therefore, it is particularly important and urgent to discuss the important role of the government in the construction of medical big data and related policies. This paper reviews the development course of medical treatment big data construction in Guangdong Province, and analyzes a series of problems existing in the construction process of medical big data in Guangdong Province, such as the lack of investment in the construction of medical big data. There are blind development or repeated investment in the development of the project, lack of effective overall planning and cooperation in the development of medical treatment big data, outstanding fragmentation, self-administration, high development costs, non-standard information system functions, and inconsistent data standards, The main causes that lead to the construction of medical big data in Guangdong Province are as follows: first, the policy makers pay less attention to the construction of big data; The second is the lack of unified standards in the process of big data construction; the third is the lack of legal system related to the building of big data; the fourth is the lack of funds source channels for the construction of big data; the fifth is the lack of cross-professional talents who are proficient in computer and medical knowledge. In view of the current situation and causes of medical big data construction in Guangdong Province, and on the basis of drawing lessons from the experience of overseas medical big data construction, from the perspective of public management, Five countermeasures and suggestions are put forward: first, to establish a government-led construction system of big data, to encourage and support big data's innovation and entrepreneurship, and to carry forward the data culture in the whole society; The second is to give full play to the role of big data Administration Bureau of Guangdong Province in coordinating the construction of medical big data, the third is to perfect the legal system construction of big data, the fourth is to broaden the sources of funds for the construction of big data, and to improve the supervision mechanism of financing and the use of funds. Fifth, from the two aspects of universities and medical institutions, pay attention to the cultivation and use of talents.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R197.1

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