我国公车私用现象原因分析及治理对策

发布时间：2018-07-07 21:20

本文选题：公务用车 + 公车私用　；参考：《东北财经大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：公务用车就是我们口中常说的公车的全称(本文所提到的公车仅为国家为政府及事业单位所配备的公务用车),是国家为了保证政府及事业单位的公务活动的顺利开展并提高政府及事业单位公务人员办事效率,按照相关规定,并根据各政府及事业单位的实际情况所提供的汽车。从公车开始进入到公务活动的那天起,公务用车在提高了政府及事业单位的办事效率的同时,也带来了许多负面影响,越来越多的公车私用、公车浪费等公车腐败现象被曝光,其中尤以公车私用最为严重。公车私用是人民群众最为反感的一种行为,因为它每天都发生在人民群众的身边,在对国家利益造成损失的同时,更是极大地破坏了政府及事业单位及其工作人员在人民群众心目中的形象。因此,如何治理公车私用现象已经成为我们必须直面的问题。公车私用是指由公共财政负担的从事公共管理或公共服务的单位的汽车被用于非公务用途的情况。公务用车作为国有资产,其归属权在国家,本应该为公务所用,不应用于非公务用途。从政治方面来讲,公车私用现象的存在影响到政府的工作效率,公车私用的发生,导致执行公务所配车辆变成了私人的专属用车,使得政府办事效率降低,从而降低了行政效率。从经济方面讲,公车私用造成了国家财产的不必要流失,损害了国家的利益。从政府及官员的形象建设方面讲,公车私用可以理解成为一种明目张胆的腐败行为,对官员形象的树立起到了负面作用,不利于官员在人民群众中建立威信力,对社会主义和谐社会的建设也起到了一定的负面作用。杜绝公车私用行为的目的是为了减轻财政负担,降低行政成本,提高公车使用效率,进而提升政府的行政效率及行政效益。对我国政府机关内部的行政管理研究有一定的现实意义,不仅能够丰富我国的行政效率和效益的理论,而且在对公车私用的研究基础上,进一步深化公车改革,同时探讨使车改更加完善的对策,使车改效果得到巩固,对于加快我国服务型政府、节约型政府的建设具有重要的意义。本文的创新点在于目前很多专家和学者也意识到公车在使用方面存在着一些问题,但是大多数都是针对公车使用中出现的众多问题一同拿出来分析,而且分析的成果主要是提议对现有制度进行改革,而忽略了对公车私用现象这一最严重、最根本的问题的深入研究,如果不对这个问题进行深入的分析,即使车改进行的再轰轰烈烈,也难以达到配备公车及公车制度改革的原本目的。本文针对公车使用中存在的最严重的问题即公车私用现象进行了相关的研究,同时针对在现有车改研究结果中的治理公车私用的行为所取得成果为基础进行了深入分析,总结出一些研究取得的成效和存在的问题以及提出相关的解决措施。本文的不足在于由于国内外针对公车私用现象的专项研究内容较少,而且政府不经常对公众发布公车的使用数据,只能从零散的报道和较少的官方的数据发布中得到有价值的信息,所以可以进行分析参考的数据较少,无法通过精准的数据对公车私用的现象进行透彻的分析。本文一共分为五个部分,通过对公车私用现象产生的原因进行分析,运用文献分析法、逻辑分析法等方法,借鉴国外经验,结合国情提出了五种治理对策。本文的第一部分为绪论,介绍了文章的选题意义、国内外的研究现状及采用的研究方法等；第二部分主要阐述了目前我国现有的公车制度以及本文所运用的相关理论；第三部分主要介绍了公车私用现象产生的原因；第四部分分析了德国、美国、芬兰、瑞典等六个国家的公车管理制度,借鉴国外的成功经验进而对我国公车私用现象治理提出建议；第五部分结合前四部分的内容针对于我国的公车私用现象提出了解决对策,并指出了以后的发展方向。第六部分作为文章的结尾,对全文进行了总结,对我国公车私用现象治理存在的问题及解决对策作了总结并指出了发展方向。
[Abstract]:The public vehicle is the full name of the bus in our mouth. (the bus referred to in this article is only the official vehicle equipped by the state for the government and the institutions). It is the state in order to ensure the smooth development of the public affairs of the government and institutions and improve the efficiency of the government and public service personnel, according to the relevant regulations and according to the relevant regulations. The vehicle provided by the actual situation of the government and the public institutions. From the day of the start of the bus to the public service, public service vehicles have also brought many negative effects while increasing the efficiency of the government and the institutions, and more and more public cars are used in private use, and the waste of the bus is exposed, especially in the public car. The public car private use is the most disgust of the people, because it takes place every day at the side of the people, and causes losses to the interests of the country, but also greatly destroys the image of the government and its institutions and their staff in the minds of the people. It has become a problem that we must face directly.
The private use of a public car refers to the situation in which the vehicles engaged in public administration or public service are used for non official purposes. Public service vehicles are used as state assets and belong to the state. They should be used in public affairs and are not used for non official purposes. From the political point of view, the existence of public car private use affects the government. The efficiency of work and the occurrence of private use of the bus lead to the private and exclusive use of the vehicle allocated to the public service, which reduces the efficiency of the government and thus reduces the administrative efficiency. From the economic point of view, the private use of the bus has caused the unnecessary loss of the state property and the interests of the state. The private use of the bus can be understood as a kind of flagrant corruption, which has played a negative role in the establishment of the image of officials, and is not conducive to the establishment of prestige among the masses of the people, and has also played a negative role in the construction of a socialist harmonious society.
The purpose of eliminating the private use of the bus is to reduce the financial burden, reduce the administrative cost, improve the use efficiency of the bus, and then improve the administrative efficiency and administrative efficiency of the government. It has some practical significance to the study of administrative management within the government organs of our country, which not only enriches the theory of administrative efficiency and efficiency in our country, but also helps to improve the administrative efficiency and efficiency of our country. On the basis of the study of public car private use, we further deepen the reform of the public car, at the same time, discuss the countermeasures to make the car reform more perfect and consolidate the effect of the car reform. It is of great significance to the construction of the service type government and the construction of the saving type government.
The innovation point of this article is that many experts and scholars also realize that there are some problems in the use of buses, but most of them are taken out in view of the many problems that appear in the use of buses, and the results of the analysis are mainly proposed to change the existing system and ignore the phenomenon of private use of the public car. In the deep study of the serious and fundamental problems, if the problem is not deeply analyzed, it is difficult to achieve the original purpose of the reform of the public car and the public car even if the car reform is vigorous again. This paper studies the most serious problem in the use of public cars, namely, the phenomenon of public car private use. On the basis of the results obtained in the research results of the existing vehicle reform, the results of the private use of the public vehicle are analyzed, and the results and existing problems of some research are summarized and the relevant solutions are put forward.
The shortage of this paper is that the special research on the private use of the bus at home and abroad is less, and the government does not often publish the data of the public car for public use. It can only get valuable information from scattered reports and less official data. Data are used to conduct a thorough analysis of the phenomenon of private cars.
This article is divided into five parts. Through the analysis of the reasons for the phenomenon of private use of the public car, using the methods of literature analysis, logic analysis, and other methods, drawing on the experience of foreign countries and combining the national conditions, five kinds of countermeasures are put forward. The first part of this article is the introduction, which introduces the significance of the topic, the research situation at home and abroad and the research parties used. The second part mainly expounds the current public car system in our country and the related theories used in this article; the third part mainly introduces the causes of the public car private use, and the fourth part analyses the public car management system in six countries, such as Germany, the United States, Finland, Sweden and so on, and draws on the successful experience of foreign countries and then to our country The fifth part puts forward the solutions to the phenomenon of public car private use in the first four parts, and points out the future development direction. The sixth part, as the end of the article, summarizes the full text, and makes the problems and solutions to the private use of the public car in our country. The direction of development is summarized and pointed out.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D630.9

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