乡村旅游开发对农户生计和社区旅游效应的影响——旅游开发模式视角的案例实证

发布时间：2018-03-22 07:27

本文选题：乡村旅游　切入点：农户　出处：《地理研究》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：乡村旅游开发不可避免会重构人地关系,对农户、乡村社区都会产生重要影响,不同旅游开发模式直接影响乡村旅游发展绩效。以三类乡村旅游地为例,在总结资源、管理和发展主体差异的基础上,发现其呈现三类模式,各自特征分别表现为社区集体发展的民俗体验、社区主导的农家乐休闲和政府主导的遗址景区休闲。进而利用可持续生计框架和旅游效应理论,系统分析旅游开发模式对农户生计变化和社区的影响。研究表明:三种模式下农户生计策略都由传统农业生计方式向新型旅游经营主导生计转型,农户金融、物质、社会资本提升明显;其资源开发模式决定农户生计多样性与务工选择,旅游经营管理模式影响生计资本变化方向和社区旅游效应差异。其次,通过逻辑回归模型深入解释了三种类型旅游开发模式的影响作用,并给出其影响机理的理论解释。研究指出三种模式旅游影响途径都以农户金融、物质资本提升、乡村社会经济发展主导,相比而言,社区集体运营、农户主导的袁家村模式以"人"为核心,促进了乡村旅游全面发展。总体来说,资源差异与社区基础是农户生计变化、社区影响的原动力,政府角色、社区(企业)作用与农户利益是旅游开发管理的核心,旅游开发模式中政府有效管理、农户主体地位与外界力量正确介入才能保障乡村旅游有序进行,促进乡村社区发展与转型。
[Abstract]:The development of rural tourism will inevitably reconstruct the relationship between people and land, which will have an important impact on farmers and rural communities, and different tourism development modes will directly affect the performance of rural tourism development. On the basis of the differences between management and development subjects, it is found that there are three kinds of patterns, each characteristic of which is the folk custom experience of community collective development. Community-led rural recreation and government-led recreation in heritage sites. In turn, the sustainable livelihood framework and tourism effect theory are used. This paper systematically analyzes the impact of tourism development mode on farmers' livelihood changes and communities. The results show that: the three modes of farmers' livelihood strategies are transformed from traditional agricultural livelihood mode to new type tourism management leading livelihood, peasant household finance, material, and so on. The increase of social capital is obvious, the resource development mode determines the diversity of farmers' livelihood and the choice of migrant workers, and the tourism management mode influences the direction of livelihood capital change and the difference of community tourism effect. Through the logical regression model, this paper explains the influence of the three types of tourism development models, and gives a theoretical explanation of their influence mechanism. Rural social and economic development is dominant. In contrast, the pattern of "people" is the core of Yuan Jia Village, which is operated collectively by communities and farmers, which promotes the overall development of rural tourism. In general, the difference between resources and community is the change of farmers' livelihood. The motive force of community influence, the role of government, the role of community (enterprise) and the interests of farmers are the core of tourism development management. In order to ensure the orderly development of rural tourism and promote the development and transformation of rural communities, farmers' main position and outside forces can correctly intervene in order to ensure the orderly development of rural tourism.
【作者单位】：西北大学城市与环境学院;西北大学图书馆;
【基金】：国家旅游局“万名旅游英才计划”项目(WMYC20151083) 陕西高校人文社会科学青年英才支持计划(HSSTP) 湖南省人居环境学研究基地开放基金项目(RJ15K02) 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划面上项目(2014JM5205)
【分类号】：F327;F592.7

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