组织中上下级关系及其对员工任务绩效和工作倦怠的影响研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 06:34

本文选题：上下级关系 + 互动行为　；参考：《中国矿业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：已有研究表明,我国特殊的文化背景下,上下级关系的表现特征不同于西方,在中国表现为非理性、情感性、传统性和富有表现力。那么,上下级关系在中国组织中的内容结构是什么,以及如何进行测量?是我们当前需要思考的问题。特别是进入21世纪,面对组织内外部环境复杂多变、不确定性程度也越来越强,领导如何才能选择有效的互动行为来提高上下级关系质量,下属如何选择有效地行为方式和应对策略才能得到高质量的上下级关系,是每个组织的领导者和员工都不得不面对的问题。本研究基于中国文化背景下,从关系互动感知的视角研究中国文化背景下上下级关系的内容结构,并从上下级互动行为视角探讨哪些行为对上下级关系质量产生预测作用,并在此基础上构建上下级关系质量感知水平对任务绩效和工作倦怠的影响机制模型。本研究采用扎根理论的方法对上下级关系的内容结构和互动行为的内容进行提炼。并采用问卷调查的方法进行实证研究的数据收集,选取了378名企业员工作为研究样本,对回收的问卷数据采用SPSS19.0和AMOS17.0软件进行探索性分析、验证性分析、方差分析、相关分析、回归分析来对各变量及其关系进行研究,最后得出结论:(1)上下级关系维度分为工作内关系(信任、亲近、互惠)和工作外关系(私生活卷入)两个维度;(2)从领导和下属两个角度对上下级互动行为给出分类,即领导行为(支持、反馈、激励、指导、关怀)、下属行为(遵从、忠诚、奉献、主动成长、逢迎),分析得出领导行为、下属行为对上下级关系质量感知水平及其各维度存在显著预测作用,并存在预测力差异;(3)上下级关系质量感知水平(工作内关系、工作外关系)对任务绩效存在预测作用;上下级关系中的工作内关系对工作倦怠存在预测作用,而工作外关系对工作倦怠不存在预测作用;最后,基于实证研究的基础上,分类讨论如何界定组织中上下级关系的质量特征,以及从行为互动的角度提出了改善上下级关系质量的管理对策,并从上下级关系互动的视角提高任务绩效和降低工作倦怠感,以期为企业管理实践提供一定的参考,同时指出了本研究的不足和展望。
[Abstract]:Studies have shown that under the special cultural background of our country, the characteristics of the relationship between superior and subordinate are different from those in the West, and in China they are irrational, emotional, traditional and expressive. So, what is the content structure of the relationship between superior and subordinate in Chinese organizations, and how to measure it? It's a question we need to think about right now. Especially in the 21st century, facing the complex and changeable internal and external environment, the degree of uncertainty is becoming stronger and stronger. How can leaders choose effective interactive behavior to improve the quality of relationship between superior and subordinate? How to choose effective behavior style and coping strategy to obtain high quality relationship between superior and subordinate is a problem that leaders and employees of every organization have to face. Based on the background of Chinese culture, this study studies the content structure of the relationship between superior and subordinate in the context of Chinese culture from the perspective of relationship interaction perception, and discusses which behaviors have a predictive effect on the quality of relationship between superior and subordinate from the perspective of interaction between superior and subordinate. On this basis, the mechanism model of the effect of perceived level of superior and subordinate relationship quality on task performance and job burnout is established. In this study, the content structure of relationship between superior and subordinate and the content of interactive behavior are refined by the method of rooted theory. Using the method of questionnaire to collect the data of empirical research, we selected 378 enterprise employees as the research sample, and used SPSS19.0 and AMOS17.0 software to carry on exploratory analysis, confirmatory analysis, variance analysis, correlation analysis to the data collected from the questionnaire, and used the software of SPSS19.0 and AMOS17.0 to carry on the exploratory analysis, the analysis of variance, the correlation analysis. Regression analysis is used to study the variables and their relationships. Finally, the conclusion is drawn that the relationship between superior and subordinate is divided into intra-job relations (trust, closeness, closeness). The two dimensions of reciprocity) and out-of-work relationship (involvement in private life) classify the interaction between superior and subordinate from the perspective of leadership and subordinate, namely leadership behavior (support, feedback, motivation, guidance, caring, subordinate behavior (compliance, loyalty). The analysis shows that leadership behavior and subordinate behavior can significantly predict the quality perception level and its dimensions of relationship between superior and subordinate, and there is a difference in predictive power between them (Intra-Job relationship). Extra-job relationship) has predictive effect on task performance; Intra-job relationship in superior and subordinate relationship has predictive effect on job burnout, while extra-job relationship does not predict job burnout. Finally, on the basis of empirical study, This paper discusses how to define the quality characteristics of the relationship between superior and subordinate in the organization, and puts forward the management countermeasures to improve the quality of the relationship between the superior and the subordinate from the perspective of behavioral interaction, and from the perspective of interaction between the superior and the subordinate, to improve task performance and reduce the sense of job burnout. In order to provide a certain reference for the practice of enterprise management, and pointed out the shortcomings and prospects of this study.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F272.92

【参考文献】