合作网络位置与以往绩效对个体知识创新的影响研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 00:03

本文选题：合作网络 + 网络演化　；参考：《华侨大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：知识经济时代,企业间的竞争体现为核心能力之争,个体的知识创新行为因独特而又难以模仿日益成为企业核心能力的重要成分。个体的行为不是孤立发生的,创新也不是单独个体可以完成的。个体嵌入在由人组成合作网络之中,其创新行为有强烈的网络属性。个体占据的网络位置以及能力的异质性均会影响其知识创新绩效。个体在合作网络中的位置不是既定的,由人的合作互动形成的合作网络也不是静态的,因此,需要以一种动态演化的视角来研究合作网络与个体知识创新之间的关系。个体怎样才能在合作网络中占据某一网络位置?合作网络位置与个体能力将对个体知识创新绩效产生何种影响?本文认为网络结构洞与中心性是两个重要的因素,并借鉴前人的研究将以往绩效作为个体能力的代理。借助社会网络理论和知识创新理论,本文探讨了合作网络结构洞、中心性位置的演化,并分析个体在合作网络占据的网络位置及异质的个体能力对其知识创新的影响机制。基于上述分析,提出本文的概念模型及相关假设。本文选择生物科技企业(biotechnology company)为样本来源,通过对礼来制药(Eli Lilly and Company)、默克(Merck Laboratories)、雅培制药(Abbott Laboratories)1976-1995年20年间1460名研究者的3701项专利数据进行处理,构建出专利发明者间的合作网络,构造9个多元线性回归模型完成对概念模型及研究假设的检验。理论与实证的有机结合,本文的主要研究结论如下:(1)个体的以往绩效对个体在合作网络中占据结构洞位置有正向影响。以往绩效高的个体倾向于结成回报较高的非冗余关系,往往成为备选的潜在合作者,为以往绩效高的个体带来全新的合作者,从而有利于个体成为“桥”,占据结构洞位置。(2)个体的以往绩效对个体在合作网络中占据中心性位置有正向影响。以往绩效高的个体更加有动机和能力争取合作网络中心性位置;潜在合作者接收到以往绩效传递出的信号,从而选择与之合作,使个体的直接关系增多,提高个体的网络中心性。(3)合作网络结构洞位置与中心性位置均对个体知识创新有正向影响。说明创新具有网络属性,网络为个体提供了资源与机会,网络位置的不同会造成个体创新绩效的差异。(4)以往绩效对网络位置与个体知识创新之间的关系有调节作用。具体来说,以往绩效正向调节合作网络结构洞与个体知识创新之间的关系,正向调节合作网络中心性与个体知识创新之间的关系。在此,以往绩效作为能力的代理,说明个体能力的差异对于个体利用网络位置带来的资源与机会有显著影响,从而影响个体的创新绩效。
[Abstract]:In the era of knowledge economy, competition among enterprises is reflected in the competition of core competence, and individual knowledge innovation behavior is becoming an important component of enterprise core competence because of its unique and difficult to imitate. Individual behavior does not occur in isolation, nor can innovation be accomplished by individuals alone. An individual is embedded in a cooperative network composed of human beings, and its innovation behavior has strong network properties. The network location occupied by individuals and the heterogeneity of their abilities will affect their knowledge innovation performance. The position of the individual in the cooperative network is not established, and the cooperative network formed by the human cooperative interaction is not static. Therefore, it is necessary to study the relationship between the cooperative network and individual knowledge innovation from a dynamic evolutionary perspective. How can an individual occupy a network location in a cooperative network? How does the location of cooperative network and individual ability affect the performance of individual knowledge innovation? This paper holds that the network structure hole and centrality are two important factors, and draw lessons from the previous studies on performance as the agent of individual ability. With the help of social network theory and knowledge innovation theory, this paper discusses the evolution of cooperative network structure hole and central position, and analyzes the influence mechanism of individual's network position occupied by cooperative network and heterogeneous individual ability on their knowledge innovation. Based on the above analysis, this paper puts forward the conceptual model and related assumptions. In this paper, we choose biotech company as the sample source, and construct a cooperative network among patent inventors by processing the 3701 patent data of 1460 researchers in the 20 years between Eli Lilly and Company, Merck Merck, Abbott Laboratories)1976-1995 and Abbott Laboratories)1976-1995. Nine multivariate linear regression models are constructed to test conceptual models and research hypotheses. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1) the past performance of individuals has a positive effect on the positions of structural holes in cooperative networks. In the past, individuals with high performance tend to form non-redundant relationships with higher returns, and often become potential collaborators, bringing new collaborators to the former ones with high performance, which is conducive to individual becoming "bridge". The past performance of the individual has a positive effect on the central position of the individual in the cooperative network. Individuals with higher performance in the past have more motivation and ability to gain the central position of the cooperative network, and the potential collaborators receive the signals from the previous performance and choose to cooperate with them, thus increasing the direct relationship of the individual. To improve the network centrality of individuals, both the hole location and the central position of cooperative network structure have a positive effect on individual knowledge innovation. It shows that innovation has the network attribute, the network provides the resources and opportunities for the individual, the difference of the network location will cause the difference of the individual innovation performance. 4) the past performance has the adjustment function to the relationship between the network location and the individual knowledge innovation. Specifically, the relationship between the former positive adjustment cooperative network structure hole and individual knowledge innovation, and the relationship between positive adjustment cooperation network centrality and individual knowledge innovation. In this paper, performance as the agent of ability shows that the difference of individual ability has a significant impact on the resources and opportunities brought about by the use of the network location, thus affecting the innovation performance of the individual.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F416.72;F273.1

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