国内外“科学-技术关系”研究方法述评——聚焦文献计量方法

发布时间：2018-02-08 09:37

本文关键词： “科学-技术关系” 文献计量方法研究方法述评　出处：《图书情报工作》2015年13期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：[目的 /意义]鉴于"科学-技术关系"是情报学领域的热点研究问题,文献计量方法是研究该问题的常用方法,对国内外研究该问题的主要文献计量方法进行述评,就如何更好地运用这些方法进行"科学-技术关系"研究提出建议。[方法/过程]在回顾"科学-技术关系"的含义和相关研究方法的基础上,梳理和总结专利的论文引文分析法、论文的专利引文分析法、"专利发明人-论文作者关联关系"分析法3种主要文献计量方法在"科学-技术关系"研究方面的应用和国内外进展,比较3种方法的理论基础、应用范围和存在的问题。[结果/结论]3种方法基于不同的理论基础,分别被应用于:1识别与科学领域关系较强的技术领域;2识别被科学领域引用较多的技术领域、国家和机构;3测度专利发明人的科学研究活动、大学和企业的合作情况。这些方法分别存在专利的施引动机不明确、专利的论文引文字段不规范、数据较少、主题分析和技术对科学的作用机理研究较少、专利发明人和论文作者名称难以识别和匹配等问题。研究"科学-技术关系"时需根据研究问题和数据特征等选择合适的文献计量方法,并注意解决这些方法存在的问题。
[Abstract]:[objective / significance] in view of the fact that "the relationship between science and technology" is a hot research issue in the field of information science, literature measurement methods are commonly used to study this problem. Recommendations on how to better use these methods in the study of "science-technology relations". [methods / processes] based on a review of the meaning of "science-technology relations" and related research methods, The Citation Analysis method for combing and summing up the Patent, The paper's patent citation analysis method, the application of three main literature measurement methods in the research of "science-technology relationship" and the theoretical basis of the three methods are compared. The scope of application and the existing problems. [results / conclusions] based on different theoretical foundations, the three methods have been applied to the technical field that has a strong relationship with the scientific field, which has a strong relationship with the scientific field. [results / conclusion] the three methods have been applied to the technical field that has been cited more frequently in the scientific field. The state and institutions measure the scientific research activities of patent inventors and the cooperation between universities and enterprises. There is little research on the action mechanism of subject analysis and technology on science. It is difficult to identify and match the names of patent inventors and authors. In order to study the relationship between science and technology, we should select appropriate literature measurement methods according to the research problems and data characteristics, and pay attention to solving the problems existing in these methods.
【作者单位】：中国科学院文献情报中心;中国科学院大学;
【分类号】：G353.1;G321

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