科学求实与效率问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 22:36

本文选题：求实　切入点：效率　出处：《河北师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着科学的社会功能不断外显,科学逐渐成为国家的战略资源被纳入政府行为,科学的社会建制化得以形成和发展,科学研究活动成为一项国家事业。这种社会化的科学活动使科学共同体和民众以及政府形成了一种“关于科学的契约关系”。在政府为科学提供支持的同时,也要求将政治目的和利益带入科学活动之中,科学从而不可避免的受到政治的调控。这里的政治,指的是掌握着科学资源并对科学资源具有支配权的团体或个人,是广义的政治。然而,政治对科学的过度干预,便会产生行政管理代替科学系统内部管理的“官僚”管理体制。这种“官僚统制主义”的科学运行机制势必使科学的求实与效率受到很大影响,造成求实丧失与效率低下。近年来,科学求实与效率问题,已经引起国内外学者的广泛关注,而大多是从科研工作者精神和道德层面进行的研究。韩来平教授的论文《贝尔纳科学政治学思想研究》整合了贝尔纳科学学以及科学社会学,从科学政治学的视角对科学的求实与效率问题进行了初步研究。贝尔纳在其《科学的社会功能》中,对科学的求实与效率问题也有所论述。但由于贝尔纳的理论是对新生社会主义制度的向往,使得他的有关科学求实与效率的研究成了对资本主义制度的批判,从更普遍的意义上,忽视了建制化科学时代政治与科学的互动分析。本文正是从科学与政治的关系入手,试图通过对政治与科学的相互作用分析,寻找走出科学求实丧失和效率低下的困境之路。本文共分三章,另有引言和结语,共五个部分。其中,引言部分介绍了选题背景和意义、国内外研究现状、以及本文研究方法和写作框架。结语部分对本文的研究做出总结。文章正文部分:第一章提出问题。通过对科学求实与效率的内涵进行简单分析,提出本文的问题——科学在建制化社会发展过程中存在求实丧失与效率低下的现象。第二章分析问题。从科学与政治的关系入手,从内外两个层面分析建制化社会科学求实丧失与效率低下的原因。由于政治对科学的干预过大,一方面引起了科学系统的变异,产生了“官僚统制主义”,部分科学家为了行政职务或利益不得不作伪作假;另一方面造成科学家自我失范,科学自主性遭到破坏,使部分科学家搞科研的目的不再是为了科学而研究,而是为了谋取官职,如此一来,科学的求实与效率得不到有效的保障,以至于使科学求实丧失,科学效率低下。第三章解决问题。通过实现科学的自组织来把握政治对科学的“控制度”,试图通过对科学外部与内部的民主化分析,实施科学民主策略,以及促使科学家的自我觉醒,使科学求实丧失与效率低下问题得到有效解决。
[Abstract]:With the social function of science becoming more and more obvious, science gradually becomes the strategic resource of the country and is brought into government behavior, and the social institutionalization of science is formed and developed. Scientific research has become a national undertaking. This socialized scientific activity has created a "contractual relationship on science" between the scientific community and the public as well as the government. It also requires bringing political purposes and interests into scientific activities, and science is inevitably subject to political control. Politics here refers to groups or individuals that hold scientific resources and have control over them. It's politics in a broad sense. However, the excessive interference of politics in science, This kind of "bureaucratic control" scientific operation mechanism will inevitably affect the scientific reality and efficiency, resulting in the loss of reality and inefficiency. In recent years, the problem of scientific truthfulness and efficiency has attracted extensive attention of scholars both at home and abroad. Most of the research was carried out from the spiritual and moral aspects of researchers. Professor Han Leping's thesis, "the study of Bernard's political Science and ideology", integrates Belner's science and sociology of science. From the perspective of science and political science, this paper makes a preliminary study on the practical and efficient aspects of science. But since Bernard's theory is yearning for a new socialist system, his research on science seeking truth and efficiency has become a critique of capitalist system. In a more general sense, the interactive analysis of politics and science in the era of institutionalized science has been neglected. This paper attempts to analyze the interaction between politics and politics by means of the relationship between science and politics. To find a way out of the loss of scientific reality and inefficiency. This paper is divided into three chapters, with an introduction and a conclusion, a total of five parts. Among them, the introduction introduces the background and significance of the topic, the current situation of domestic and foreign research, As well as the research method and writing frame of this paper. The conclusion part summarizes the research of this paper. The main part of the article: the first chapter puts forward the question. Through the simple analysis of the connotation of scientific reality and efficiency, The problem in this paper is that there exists the phenomenon of loss of reality and inefficiency in the course of the development of science in the process of building a society. Chapter two analyzes the problem. Beginning with the relationship between science and politics, This paper analyzes the causes of the loss of reality and inefficiency of the institutionalized social sciences from both internal and external levels. Because the political intervention in science is too great, on the one hand, it causes the variation of the scientific system. This led to "bureaucratic domination", in which some scientists had to make false acts for their administrative duties or interests. On the other hand, the scientists lost their standard and their scientific autonomy was undermined. The purpose of some scientists in scientific research is no longer to do research for science, but to obtain official posts. As a result, the truth and efficiency of science are not effectively guaranteed, so that science is deprived of reality. The third chapter solves the problem. By realizing the self-organization of science, we can grasp the "control degree" of politics to science, and try to carry out scientific democratic strategy by analyzing the democratization of science outside and inside. And to promote the self-awakening of scientists, so that the problems of scientific loss and inefficiency are effectively solved.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G301

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