我国旅游上市公司人力资源效率研究

发布时间：2018-01-20 14:24

本文关键词： 旅游上市公司人力资源效率影响因素随机前沿分析　出处：《湘潭大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：旅游业作为一个朝阳产业,目前已被列为世界第三大产业,它的发展速度十分惊人,随着我国旅游行业的快速发展,旅游市场日渐规范,更多的旅游企业参与到市场竞争中,形成一定的规模,旅游上市公司是这些企业中的“佼佼者”,作为劳动密集的服务型企业,人力资源是旅游上市公司最重要的核心竞争力来源,对于公司未来的发展有着长远作用。目前我国旅游上市公司在数量上虽然已经初具规模,但在人力资源管理方面还存在许多问题,尤其体现在人力资源的投入和产出上,如从业人员素质不高、缺乏高层次复合型人才、经营绩效不佳等,因此人力资源效率成为旅游上市公司关注的重点,如何提高以效率为核心的人力资源管理工作也越来越成为旅游企业普遍关注的问题。基于这样的背景,本研究首先介绍研究的背景和意义,回顾国内外相关研究动态,然后对人力资源效率进行界定,在人力资本理论、效率理论、核心竞争力理论和投入产出理论的基础上,借鉴前人的研究成果,对人力资源效率的投入、产出和影响因素进行可能的量化界定,通过对效率评价前沿分析方法的比较,选择随机前沿分析(SFA)中的BatteseCoelli(1995)模型对我国旅游上市公司人力资源效率及其影响因素进行实证分析,研究样本是30家沪深两市A股旅游上市公司2010-2014年的面板数据。实证研究结果表明,我国旅游上市公司人力资源效率整体一般,各公司人力资源效率水平参差不齐,五年效率均值最高的公司是中青旅,最低的是锦江股份;五年间波动幅度较大的公司人力资源效率均值较低,而波动幅度较小的公司人力资源效率均值较高。同时,我国旅游上市公司目前物质激励仍具有较好的效果,培训力度不足。而在影响因素的分析方面,员工薪酬、人力资源数量、质量和开发程度、企业规模、企业管理水平有助于提高人力资源效率。另外还发现经营业态对旅游上市公司的人力资源效率影响较大,景区资源类业态最高,综合服务类业态次之,酒店餐饮类业态最低;不同经营地区旅游上市公司的人力资源效率差别较大,但与所在地区经济发展程度没有直接的联系,从高到低依次为环渤海地区、西部地区、中部地区、珠三角地区和长三角地区。因此,本研究根据人力资源效率及其影响因素的分析结果,对我国旅游上市公司提出提升人力资源效率的对策建议。
[Abstract]:As a sunrise industry, tourism has been listed as the third largest industry in the world. Its development speed is very amazing. With the rapid development of tourism industry in China, the tourism market is becoming more and more standardized. More tourism enterprises participate in the market competition, forming a certain scale, tourism listed companies are among these enterprises "outstanding", as a labor-intensive service enterprises. Human resources is the most important source of core competitiveness of tourism listed companies, which has a long-term effect on the future development of the company. At present, the number of listed tourism companies in China has begun to take shape. However, there are still many problems in human resource management, especially in the input and output of human resources, such as the poor quality of practitioners, the lack of high-level complex talents, poor performance and so on. Therefore, human resource efficiency has become the focus of tourism listed companies, how to improve the efficiency of human resources management as the core is increasingly becoming a common concern of tourism enterprises. Based on this background. This study first introduces the background and significance of the study, reviews the domestic and foreign related research trends, and then defines the human resource efficiency, in the human capital theory, efficiency theory. On the basis of the core competence theory and the input-output theory, the possible quantification of the input, output and influencing factors of human resource efficiency is given by referring to the previous research results. Through the efficiency evaluation frontier analysis method comparison. Choose the BatteseCoellion 1995 model in the stochastic frontier analysis (SFAA) to analyze the human resource efficiency and its influencing factors of the tourism listed companies in China. The research sample is the panel data of 30 A-share tourism listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets from 2010 to 2014. The empirical results show that the overall human resource efficiency of tourism listed companies in China is general. The level of human resource efficiency of each company is uneven. The company with the highest average efficiency in five years is Jinjiang stock. In five years, the average value of human resource efficiency is lower in the companies with larger volatility, while the human resource efficiency is higher in the companies with less volatility. At the same time, the material incentives of the tourism listed companies in China still have good results. Lack of training. In the analysis of influencing factors, employee compensation, human resources quantity, quality and development degree, enterprise size. The level of enterprise management helps to improve the efficiency of human resources. In addition, it is also found that the operation of listed companies has a greater impact on the efficiency of human resources, the highest form of resources in scenic spots, followed by comprehensive services. Hotel catering industry is the lowest; The human resource efficiency of tourism listed companies in different operating areas is quite different, but there is no direct relationship with the degree of economic development in the region, from the high to the low is the Bohai Rim region, the western region, and the central region. Therefore, according to the results of the analysis of human resource efficiency and its influencing factors, this study puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the tourism listed companies in China to improve the human resource efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F272.92;F592.6

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