中国食品安全法律规制的完善研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 06:44

本文选题：食品安全 + 法律规制　；参考：《西安工程大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：食品安全是当下全球共同关注和研讨的重要课题。食品为人类提供赖以生存的物质条件，关系着全人类的生命健康权利，是影响国家发展和社会稳定的重要因素。我国的食品安全事件时有发生。虽然自《食品安全法》出台以来，国家在治理食品安全问题上不遗余力，重典、重拳出击。然而，当前我国在食品安全立法和执法上仍存在一些问题，导致事故频发。我国在食品安全立法上存在的主要缺陷有：法律体系缺乏系统性和完整性，未解决相关法律的衔接和冲突问题；配套的食品安全法律制度缺失或者不够完善；执法上存在的问题主要有：当前的食品安全监管体制仍有缺陷，监管部门“条块分割、各自为政”，且地方政府的“地方保护”现象严重；执法过程缺乏规范性和持续性，执法能力不强。国外发达国家和地区的食品安全法律体系发展比较完善。如美国、欧盟、日本普遍以风险危害性分析为基础，立法涉及对食品的全过程控制；执法监管分工明确、协调一致，且有完善的食品安全监管责任追究制度，可供我们借鉴和学习。我国应在借鉴和吸收国外食品安全法律制度的基础上，结合我国国情，从立法和执法两方面完善我国的食品安全法律体系。立法方面包括健全食品安全法律法规、完善食品安全风险评估制度、食品溯源制度、食品召回制度，统一食品安全标准，形成科学、权威的食品安全国家标准；执法方面包括加强监管执法体系的完善，落实监管责任机制、加大行政问责力度，，依法严惩食品安全违法犯罪行为。通过对我国食品安全立法和执法的完善，以期实现对食品安全领域的有效规制，推动食品安全形势持续好转。
[Abstract]:Food safety is an important topic of global concern and discussion.Food provides human beings with the material conditions on which to live, which is related to the right to life and health of all mankind and is an important factor affecting national development and social stability.Food safety incidents occur from time to time in our country.Although since the introduction of the Food Safety Law, the country has spared no effort in managing food safety issues.However, there are still some problems in food safety legislation and law enforcement in China, which leads to frequent accidents.The main defects of food safety legislation in China are: the lack of systematization and integrity of the legal system, the failure to solve the problems of the connection and conflict of relevant laws, the lack or imperfection of the supporting food safety legal system;The main problems in the law enforcement are: the current food safety supervision system is still flawed, the supervision department is "fragmented, separate", and the local government's "local protection" phenomenon is serious, the law enforcement process lacks standardization and sustainability,The law enforcement ability is not strong.The food safety law system of foreign developed countries and regions is relatively perfect.For example, the United States, the European Union and Japan are generally based on risk hazard analysis. Legislation involves the control of the whole process of food; the division of labor in law enforcement and supervision is clear, coordinated, and there is a perfect accountability system for food safety supervision.For our reference and learning.On the basis of drawing lessons from and absorbing the foreign food safety law system, our country should perfect our food safety law system from the aspects of legislation and law enforcement.The legislation includes improving food safety laws and regulations, perfecting food safety risk assessment system, food traceability system, food recall system, unified food safety standards, forming scientific and authoritative national standards for food safety;In the aspect of law enforcement, we should strengthen the system of supervision and law enforcement, implement the mechanism of supervision responsibility, strengthen administrative accountability, and severely punish the illegal and criminal behavior of food safety according to law.Through perfecting the legislation and law enforcement of food safety in China, we hope to realize the effective regulation in the field of food safety and promote the situation of food safety to improve continuously.
【学位授予单位】：西安工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.16;F426.82;F203

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