大规模定制服装企业业务流程建模及仿真优化研究

发布时间：2018-12-14 00:53

【摘要】：随着市场全球化、经济区域化、经营跨国化的趋势日益加剧,市场竞争更加激烈。在新的市场环境中,大规模定制生产模式目前已被很多国内外企业所认识和采用。服装行业作为一个对属性差异的偏好要求较高的行业,大规模定制就具备了更为充分的市场潜力。与传统服装企业的经营模式相比,服装大规模定制营销存在着明显的经济优势,做到了以客户为中心,并且对顾客需求能够快速反应,缩短了服装的交货周期。但这样的优势也意味着大规模定制服装企业的业务流程具有更多的复杂性和不确定性,如客户需求信息处理量大、产品和订单量差异性大、生产能力和加工时间等制造系统性能差别大、产能受劳动力资源影响大等。这使得企业在做资源配置等生产决策的问题上面临困难,因此有必要探讨一种适用于大规模定制服装企业的业务流程建模和仿真方法,充分利用有限的资源,优化生产配置,不断调整资源配置以达到动态调整、管理流程的目的,通过计算机仿真和结果分析,对实际生产中因不确定因素而产生的结果进行预测,并根据绩效目标有针对性地做出改进措施,用模型的灵活性来适应系统的不确定性。本文以大规模定制服装企业为背景,在综述前人研究的基础上,建立基于Petri网的企业业务流程模型,通过仿真工具动态性地找出影响流程时间的关键因素,以达到缩短订单交货期的目的。基于此,本文主要做了以下五方面的工作：首先,详细地论述了业务流程优化的特点、思路及方法；综述了业务流程建模的四种常用方法,即：流程图法、IDEF模型系列、时间流程链驱动模型以及Petri网流程建模法；并详细论述了Petri网的相关理论。其次,选取Petri网作为业务流程建模工具,在基本Petri网理论和随机Petri网理论的基础上,针对要研究的企业业务流程具体特点,对其进行扩展,引出企业流程模型,建立了大规模定制服装企业业务流程Petri网模型,并对该模型进行了性能分析,验证了该业务流程Petri网模型是活的、有界的、可达的。第三,本文采用WBM仿真软件对所建立的大规模定制服装企业业务流程Petri网模型进行仿真分析。本文从订单交货期,即时间这一角度出发,分析了业务流程的总时间以及各个活动的持续时间,找出持续时间较长的几个活动,并分析形成这些问题的原因,得出的原因可以分为两类：资源分配不足以及因信息化程度低导致的处理效率低。第四,根据仿真分析出的原因,提出两类优化改进思路,即资源配置优化及信息化处理方案。通过再一次仿真,验证了优化方案确实缩短了订单的交货期,使得企业订单的响应速度得到提升,从而提高企业整体效益和竞争能力。最后,在总结全文的基础上,指出了有待进一步讨论的问题。
[Abstract]:With the globalization of market, regionalization of economy and transnational operation, the market competition is becoming more and more fierce. In the new market environment, mass customization production model has been recognized and adopted by many enterprises at home and abroad. As an industry with high preference for attribute differences, mass customization has more full market potential. Compared with the traditional fashion business model, the mass customization of clothing has obvious economic advantages, which is customer-centered, and can quickly respond to the customer's needs, thus shortening the delivery period of clothing. However, this advantage also means that the business process of mass customization garment enterprises has more complexity and uncertainty, such as the large amount of customer demand information processing, the difference between products and orders. Manufacturing systems such as production capacity and processing time differ greatly, and production capacity is greatly affected by labor resources. This makes it difficult for enterprises to make production decisions such as resource allocation, so it is necessary to explore a business process modeling and simulation method suitable for mass customization garment enterprises, and make full use of limited resources to optimize production allocation. In order to achieve the purpose of dynamic adjustment and management process, through computer simulation and result analysis, the results of uncertain factors in actual production are forecasted. According to the performance goal, the improvement measures are made, and the flexibility of the model is used to adapt to the uncertainty of the system. In this paper, based on the research of mass customization garment enterprises, the enterprise business process model based on Petri net is established, and the key factors that affect the process time are found out dynamically by simulation tools. To achieve the purpose of shortening the delivery time of orders. Based on this, this paper mainly does the following five aspects of work: first, the characteristics, ideas and methods of business process optimization are discussed in detail; This paper summarizes four common methods of business process modeling, that is, flowchart method, IDEF model series, time-flow chain driven model and Petri net process modeling method, and discusses the relevant theory of Petri net in detail. Secondly, Petri net is selected as business process modeling tool. Based on the basic Petri net theory and stochastic Petri net theory, the enterprise process model is derived by extending the specific characteristics of the enterprise business process to be studied. The Petri net model of mass customization garment business process is established, and the performance of the model is analyzed. It is verified that the Petri net model of the business process is alive, bounded and reachable. Thirdly, the WBM simulation software is used to simulate and analyze the Petri net model of mass customization garment business process. This paper analyzes the total time of the business process and the duration of each activity from the point of view of the time of order delivery, finds out several activities with a longer duration, and analyzes the causes of these problems. The reasons can be divided into two categories: insufficient allocation of resources and low processing efficiency due to low level of informatization. Fourthly, according to the reasons of simulation analysis, two kinds of optimization ideas are put forward, that is, the optimization of resource allocation and the scheme of information processing. Through the simulation again, it is proved that the optimized scheme can shorten the delivery time of the order, improve the response speed of the enterprise order, and improve the overall efficiency and competitiveness of the enterprise. Finally, on the basis of summing up the full text, points out the problems to be further discussed.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.86

【参考文献】