包头稀土产业可持续发展研究

发布时间：2018-12-30 21:21

【摘要】：我国的稀土资源主要集中在内蒙古包头的白云鄂博，这里的稀土主要是轻稀土，而且储量大、品种全，包头以此资源优势成为了稀土之都。包头目前的稀土储量占全国的83%，稀土产品的出口量占全国的50%以上，成功的打开了“世界稀土看中国，中国稀土看包头”的局面。随着包头稀土高新区的成立，国内乃至国际的知名的稀土企业都到此来落户、发展。目前，包头的稀土企业已有100多家，但是大型的稀土企业还为数不多。虽然说，大量的稀土企业的落户和发展为稀土产业的集聚奠定了基础，但是还难以形成规模效应。由于科技水平有限、资金短缺、人力资源不够充分等原因，使得包头的稀土产业链还不够完善，制约了包头稀土产业更好、更快的发展。由于受利益的驱使，盲目开采，恶性竞争，资源浪费严重，导致环境问题比较突出。况且，稀土既是一种稀缺资源，又是一种不可再生资源。因此，为了实现稀土资源的更大价值，为了保护现有的稀土资源，更为了包头稀土产业的更好发展，就必须坚持走可持续发展之路。只有这样，才能使包头的稀土产业得到更长远的发展。稀土资源如此的宝贵，应该倍加珍惜。目前，我国有许多学者对它进行了研究，主要有对稀土产业定价权问题的研究和稀土出口问题的探究，还有对稀土产业调整问题的研究。最近几年，由于稀土的储存量大量减少，环境污染的加剧，又开始对其进行可持续发展研究。本文从包头稀土产业发展的现状中，发现其中的问题，并且提出相应的解决措施。通过运用层次分析法，建立包头稀土产业可持续发展评价体系，用数据分析、定性研究与定量研究相结合的方法，通过指标的计算给出结论，测算出包头稀土产业可持续发展处于的阶段水平，为包头稀土产业的可持续发展提供数据参考。稀土产业由分散经营向集约化发展是产业发展的必然。稀土产业走集约化之路，，组建一体化的生产—销售联合体，才能实现宏观调控、统一规划、统筹安排、集中管理、统一市场，建立起以低消耗、低排放、高技术、高效率、高效益为基本特征的稀土产业增长模式，扩大稀土产业规模，延长、完善稀土产业链，促进稀土产业在又好又快的发展模式下做大做强，实现稀土产业的可持续发展，以此来促进包头稀土产业的进一步的健康发展。我相信，经过政府和企业的共同努力，稀土资源可以得到有效的保护，稀土的利用率将大大提高，稀土产业链可以更好的延长，从而稀土产品的科技含量将会进一步提高。包头的稀土产业会沿着可持续发展之路越走越好，使得稀土能够更好的为人类发挥它的作用，进而促使我国真正的由稀土大国走向稀土强国。
[Abstract]:The rare earth resources of our country are mainly concentrated in Baiyun Obo, Baotou, Inner Mongolia. The rare earths here are mainly light rare earths, and the reserves are large and the varieties are complete. Baotou has become the capital of rare earths with this resource advantage. Baotou's current rare earth reserves account for 83% of the country, and the export of rare earth products accounts for more than 50% of the country, successfully opening up the situation of "the world looks at rare earths in China and China looks at Baotou." With the establishment of Baotou rare earth high-tech zone, domestic and even international famous rare earth enterprises are here to settle down and develop. At present, Baotou rare-earth enterprises have more than 100, but large rare earth enterprises are few. Although the establishment and development of a large number of rare earth enterprises have laid the foundation for rare earth industry agglomeration, it is still difficult to form scale effect. Due to the limited level of science and technology, capital shortage, insufficient human resources and other reasons, Baotou rare earth industry chain is not perfect enough, restricting the Baotou rare earth industry better and faster development. Driven by interests, blind mining, vicious competition and serious waste of resources lead to serious environmental problems. Moreover, rare earth is not only a scarce resource, but also a non-renewable resource. Therefore, in order to realize the greater value of rare earth resources, protect the existing rare earth resources and better development of Baotou rare earth industry, we must adhere to the road of sustainable development. Only in this way, can the rare earth industry in Baotou get a longer-term development. Rare earth resources are so precious that they should be treasured. At present, there are many scholars in our country who have studied it, mainly about the pricing power of rare earth industry, the export of rare earth, and the readjustment of rare earth industry. In recent years, due to the decrease of rare earth storage and the aggravation of environmental pollution, the sustainable development of rare earths has been studied. In this paper, the problems of rare earth industry in Baotou are found and the corresponding solutions are put forward. The evaluation system of the sustainable development of Baotou rare earth industry is established by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The method of combining the data analysis, qualitative research and quantitative study is used to draw the conclusion through the calculation of the index. The sustainable development level of Baotou rare earth industry is calculated, which provides a data reference for the sustainable development of Baotou rare earth industry. Rare earth industry from decentralized management to intensive development is the inevitable development of industry. Only when the rare earth industry takes the road of intensive development and sets up an integrated production-marketing consortium, can it realize macro-control, unified planning, overall arrangement, centralized management, unified market, and establish a low consumption, low emissions, high technology, high efficiency, The growth model of the rare earth industry, characterized by high efficiency, expands the scale of the rare earth industry, prolongs and perfects the rare earth industry chain, promotes the rare earth industry to become bigger and stronger under the sound and rapid development mode, and realizes the sustainable development of the rare earth industry. In order to promote the Baotou rare earth industry further healthy development. I believe that through the joint efforts of the government and enterprises, rare earth resources can be effectively protected, the utilization rate of rare earths will be greatly improved, the industrial chain of rare earths can be extended better, and the scientific and technological content of rare earth products will be further improved. Baotou's rare earth industry will be better along the road of sustainable development, so that rare earth can play a better role for mankind, and then promote our country from rare earth power to rare earth power.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.1

【参考文献】