JL研究所仪器设备采购管理中的问题分析与对策研究

发布时间：2019-01-11 11:18

【摘要】：JL研究所隶属于中国航天科工集团，是以计量测试技术为总体，以溯源性研究为主线的国防技术基础研究所。研究所建有电磁学、无线电、时间频率等计量专业，长期以来开展相关的校准、检测工作，具有计量测试设备等产品的研制生产能力。计量测试服务及产品广泛应用于航天、航空、船舶、兵器等军工领域及科研院校等民用领域。计量测试及研究所科研课题的研究依托于采购的仪器设备，是其开展研究的必须条件。经过研究所五十多年来的发展，已经建立了适合自身特点的采购体系，但是随着近年采购任务量逐年提高，暴露出采购成本及风险加大，采购效率过低等问题，直接影响了计量测试技术水平提高及科研进度，在竞争激烈的计量市场中，所占有的优势变得越来越小。随着航天产品市场竞争的日益加剧，客户方对产品的质量等级、研制周期以及产品的价格提出了越来越高的需求。因此，近十年来，航天产品的研发速度加快了，产品价格降低了，产品质量水平提升了。针对JL研究所采购的特点，原有采购管理模式难以满足需求，目前采购突出问题是：采购价格不能满足产品竞争需求，采购计划性变化大计划外采购多，采购速度不能满足研发速度要求，，采购质量有时难以满足要求。随着供应链管理理论，JIT准时制采购及采购风险控制理论的迅猛发展，采购向着专业化、信息化、规模化、及时化方向发展，为解决JL研究所采购目前存在的问题，实现高效、快捷、高质量、低成本的采购提供了可行之路。针对上述存在的现状，在学习采购管理理论与技术的最新成果基础上，对JL研究所采购特点及存在的问题进行了分析，对涉及采购业务的有关部门的人员领导进行了问卷调查，对十个主要因素的影响程度进行了分析，得出主要因素为：采购分散、采购计划、信息化水平、供应商选择、风险控制五个因素。针对这五个因素，通过实施优化采购模式及流程，加强计划管理，加强信息化建设，建立供应商选择体系，加强风险控制等采购对策予以解决，从而提升JL研究所采购管理水平，满足需求。
[Abstract]:JL Institute belongs to China Aerospace Science and Technology Group. It is a basic research institute of national defense technology, which is based on metrological testing technology and traceability research. The institute has established electromagnetism, radio, time frequency and other metrology specialties, for a long time to carry on the related calibration, the inspection work, has the metrology test equipment and so on product development production capacity. Metrology and testing services and products are widely used in aerospace, aviation, ships, weapons and other military fields, scientific research schools and other civilian fields. The research of metrology test and research project depends on the equipment purchased, which is the necessary condition to carry out the research. After more than 50 years of development in the Institute, a procurement system suitable for its own characteristics has been established. However, with the increasing number of procurement tasks in recent years, it has exposed the problems of increased procurement costs and risks, low procurement efficiency, and so on. It directly affects the improvement of metrological testing technology and the progress of scientific research. In the competitive metrology market, the advantages are becoming smaller and smaller. With the increasing market competition of aerospace products, the customers put forward more and more high demand for the quality grade, the development cycle and the price of the products. Therefore, in the past ten years, the speed of aerospace product R & D has been accelerated, product price has been reduced, and product quality has been raised. In view of the characteristics of purchasing in JL research institute, the original purchasing management mode is difficult to meet the demand. At present, the outstanding problems of procurement are: the purchase price can not meet the competitive demand of products, and the procurement plan has a large number of unplanned purchases. Procurement speed can not meet the speed of R & D requirements, procurement quality is sometimes difficult to meet the requirements. With the rapid development of supply chain management theory, JIT just-in-time procurement and procurement risk control theory, procurement is developing towards specialization, information, scale and timeliness. In order to solve the problems existing in JL research, it can achieve high efficiency. Fast, high-quality, low-cost procurement provides a viable path. In view of the above existing situation, on the basis of studying the latest achievements of purchasing management theory and technology, this paper analyzes the characteristics and problems of procurement in JL Institute, and makes a questionnaire survey on the personnel leaders of the relevant departments involved in purchasing business. This paper analyzes the influence degree of ten main factors, and concludes that the main factors are: procurement dispersion, purchase plan, information level, supplier selection and risk control. In view of these five factors, through the implementation of the procurement model and process optimization, strengthen the plan management, strengthen the information construction, establish the supplier selection system, strengthen the risk control and other procurement countermeasures to solve, In order to improve the JL Institute procurement management level, to meet the demand.
【学位授予单位】：河北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F274;F426.5

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