城市公共安全焦虑研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 19:39

本文选题：社会转型 + 城市　；参考：《南京大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：处于全球风险社会与自身社会转型期叠加作用下的的当下中国,在经济建设取得举世瞩目成就的同时,各类风险亦夹杂共生,空前增加。急剧的社会变化给人们的心理带来巨大冲击,旧的社会规则被打破,新的规则尚未建立起来,人们对未来缺乏稳定的预期,极易产生焦虑的情绪,当下中国甚至已经进入“全民焦虑"的时代。具体到公共安全领域,则体现为不断发酵、扩散的公共安全焦虑。近年来我国公共安全领域事故频发,公交车燃烧、火车站暴恐案袭击、三聚氰胺事件、信息黑洞等等,这些公共安全事件一次次压迫着公众的公共安全神经,催生人们的公共安全焦虑。公共安全事故带给人们的心理压力与心理阴影,往往会在下一次安全事件中得到释放,无形中会扩大事态的影响,不断加重公众的公共安全焦虑。而累积的焦虑情绪若没有恰当的释放出口,则容易引发不理性行为,当焦虑进一步演化为绝望、愤怒甚至外化为暴力后,就会导致悲剧的发生。就群体层面来看,焦虑可能会催生失控的群体行为,2011年前后席卷西亚、北非等地的“阿拉伯之春”运动便是例证。因此必须对城市公共安全焦虑给予重视,并设法化约与消解这一不良情绪。在查阅文献及资料收集的过程中发现,虽然当下我国社会的焦虑问题已经凸显,但是针对城市公共安全焦虑的研究尚不多见,这一方面为本文的研究提供了平台与空间,也是本文的一个创新之处与研究意义所在,另一方面也加大了本文的研究难度。在国内外已有的研究基础上,联系当前我国实际情况,本文试图对城市公共安全焦虑做一个初步的探讨与研究,以期能对该问题形成更为明晰、全面的认知,为化解这一不良情绪、打造牢固的公共安全防线提供些许建议与帮助。全文共分为五个部分,绪论部分明确交代本文的选题背景与研究意义,对国内外研究文献进行梳理与评析,并介绍文章的研究方法与文章结构。第二部分对城市公共安全焦虑的内涵与外延做出了界定与分析,明确研究对象和主题,风险社会理论、现代性理论、需求层次理论则是本文的主要理论工具。第三部分通过对公共安全领域四个典型的代表性领域即公共卫生安全、食品安全、公共交通安全和信息安全领域的公共安全严峻形势的呈现,以及四个主要典型领域人们存在的城市公共安全焦虑的阐释、分析,揭示当前我国城市公共安全焦虑的现实状况,并对公共安全焦虑与公共安全事故的相互作用做出分析。第四部分则是针对现状,联系我国转型期的社会背景,对城市公共安全焦虑产生与发展的原因进行深度剖析,主要包括社会急剧变化下不确定性的空前增加,利益结构深度调整带来的社会分化,道德失范、社会信仰的缺失以及社会资本受损等四个方面的深层次原因。第五部分从消除城市公共安全焦虑产生的根源以及公共安全焦虑产生后如何化解两个大的角度提出具体建议,主要包括强化政府公共责任、加强公共安全防控,扩大公众参与、促进共同治理及正确发挥媒体的舆论引导作用三个方面,其中又对如何发挥公众参与的最大能量做了详细阐释。
[Abstract]:Under the superposition of the global risk society and the period of its own social transformation, China has made remarkable achievements in economic construction, and at the same time, all kinds of risks are intergrowth and unprecedented increase. The dramatic social change has brought great impact on people's psychology, the old social rules have been broken, the new rules have not been established, people have not yet been set up. In the future, China has even entered an era of "national anxiety". In the field of public safety, it is manifested by the continuous fermentation and the spread of public safety anxiety. In recent years, the frequent accidents in the public safety field, the burning of public vehicles, the violent terrorist attacks in the railway station, the melamine incident, Information black holes and so on, these public security events once and again oppress the public's public safety nerve, and promote people's public safety anxiety. The psychological pressure and psychological shadow brought to people by public safety accidents will often be released in the next security event, which will not only expand the influence of the state of affairs, but also aggravate public security. Anxiety is full of anxiety. But if the accumulated anxiety is not properly released, it can easily lead to irrational behavior. When anxiety further evolves into despair, anger and even Externalization to violence, it can lead to tragedy. On a group level, anxiety may lead to uncontrolled group behavior, which is in the West Asia, North Africa, and other places around 2011. The movement of the Arabia spring is an example. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the public safety anxiety of the city and try to eliminate this bad mood. In the process of consulting the literature and data collection, it is found that although the anxiety of our society has been highlighted at the moment, there are few researches on public safety anxiety in city and city. The research provides a platform and space for this study. It is also an innovation and research significance of this article. On the other hand, it also increases the difficulty of the study. On the basis of the existing research at home and abroad, this paper tries to make a preliminary discussion and Research on the public safety anxiety of the city in order to make a preliminary study and Study on the basis of the existing research at home and abroad. The full text is divided into five parts. The full text is divided into five parts. The full text is divided into the background and research significance of this article, the research literature at home and abroad is combed and evaluated, and the research of the article is introduced. The second part makes a definition and analysis of the connotation and extension of urban public security anxiety, defines the object and subject, the theory of risk society, the theory of modernity, the theory of demand level is the main theoretical tool of this article. The third part is through four typical representative fields of public security, namely public. The presentation of the severe situation of public safety in the field of health safety, food safety, public transportation safety and information security, as well as the interpretation and analysis of public safety anxiety in the four main typical areas, reveals the current situation of public safety anxiety in the cities of our country, and the phase of public safety anxiety and public safety accidents. The fourth part is to analyze the present situation and the social background of China's transition period, and analyze the reasons for the emergence and development of the urban public security anxiety, including the unprecedented increase in the uncertainty under the rapid social change, the social differentiation, the moral anomie and the lack of social belief caused by the adjustment of the interest structure. The deep reasons for the loss of four aspects, such as the loss of social capital, and so on. The fifth part puts forward specific suggestions on how to eliminate the root causes of urban public security anxiety and how to resolve two big angles after the emergence of public safety anxiety, including strengthening the public responsibility of the government, strengthening public security prevention and control, expanding public participation and promoting common governance. In the three aspects, we should give full play to the role of media in guiding public opinion, and give a detailed explanation of how to give full play to the maximum energy of public participation.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D63

【参考文献】