TFU教学模式在初中物理教学中的实践

发布时间：2017-12-27 14:05

本文关键词：TFU教学模式在初中物理教学中的实践　出处：《内蒙古师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着基础教育改革的不断推进,初中物理教育研究领域也不断出现新的突破,取得了明显的成就。然而基础教育还受着应试教育的影响,使得学生对待物理问题具有单一性,在学习初中物理课程的过程中解决方式机械,走进了学习物理学科的误区。让原本生动有趣的物理知识变得暗淡,学生学习物理与其他学科一样死记硬背,遇到实际问题总觉得很难很烦,提不起兴趣,也缺少自主学习的能力。再加上教师在教学过程中往往过于追求考试成效与学生升学率,造成教学方式的严重偏差,束缚了学生学习物理的思维模式,使得初中物理教学出现瓶颈。可以说学生对物理概念,定理,实验等缺乏理解,物理教学的效果就会差强人意。“TFU(Teaching For Understanding)教学模式”,即“为理解而教的教学模式”,有四个相互作用的成分:启发性论题、理解目标、理解活动和持续性评价。旨在促进学生的理解,指导教师对课程以及教学过程进行系统的设计、修正以及评价。TFU教学模式产生于建构主义的教学理念,其认为学习是通过学生持续不断的努力并且结合实际生活中的问题而产生的。这对于初中物理源于生活,应用于生活的特点非常吻合。要想解决实际生活中的物理问题就需要学生积极地思考探索,在理解的基础上掌握新知。TFU教学模式能够有效的帮助教师设计出可行的教学方案,使学生形成学习习惯,理解为先。初中物理涉及到的内容普遍而又广泛,实践研究中的经验也是对TFU教学模式的有益补充。本研究通过实验研究、问卷调查、访谈等方法来验证TFU教学模式运用到初中物理教学中的可行性,及改善了课堂教学,使学生积极主动思考并且响应教学。并依据课程标准和物理学科的特点,归纳总结出TFU教学模式的实施方案。笔者按照TFU教学模式对人民教育出版社的初中物理教材中的部分内容进行了教学设计。为了使TFU教学模式在初中物理教学体现实践性和可操作性,笔者在乌兰浩特市第七中学进行了长期的物理教学实践。通过对此期间二个平行班级考试成绩和问卷调查进行了多因素的分析,检验TFU教学模式在初中物理教学的实施效果。通过对TFU教学模式应用于初中物理教学实践的实验结果分析,发现TFU教学模式使得学生成为初中物理课堂的主人翁,有助于提高物理教学质量;TFU教学模式适应于新课标对初中物理课堂的教学要求,学生形成整体的物理学科知识体系,整体把握物理的基本内容,从而提高物理成绩。同时,笔者也发现了需要进一步解决的问题,为以后的教学研究工作提供了一些借鉴。
[Abstract]:With the continuous promotion of basic education reform, new breakthroughs have appeared in the research field of junior high school physics education, and remarkable achievements have been achieved. However, basic education is also influenced by exam oriented education, which makes students have a single problem in physics. Let the original interesting and interesting physical knowledge become dim. Students learn physics like other disciplines, rote learning, and encounter practical problems. They always find it hard to get bored, unable to interest and lack the ability to learn autonomously. In addition, teachers often pursue test results and students' enrollment rate in teaching process, resulting in a serious deviation of teaching methods, which fetters students' thinking mode of physics learning, which leads to bottlenecks in Physics Teaching in junior middle schools. It can be said that students lack understanding of physical concepts, theorems, experiments and so on, and the effect of physics teaching will be poor. The teaching mode of TFU (Teaching For Understanding), namely teaching mode for understanding, has four interacting components: inspiring topic, understanding goal, understanding activity and continuous evaluation. The aim is to promote the understanding of the students and to guide the teachers to systematically design, modify and evaluate the course and the teaching process. TFU teaching mode arises from constructivist teaching idea. It believes that learning is generated through continuous efforts of students and combined with problems in real life. This is very consistent with the characteristics of junior high school physics, which is used in life. In order to solve the physical problems in real life, it is necessary for students to think and explore actively and grasp new knowledge on the basis of understanding. TFU teaching model can effectively help teachers design a feasible teaching plan, make students form learning habits, understand the first. The contents of junior high school physics are universal and extensive, and the experience in the practice research is also a useful supplement to the TFU teaching model. This study verified the feasibility of applying TFU teaching mode to physics teaching in junior middle school through experiments, questionnaires and interviews, and improved classroom teaching, enabling students to think positively and respond to teaching. According to the curriculum standards and the characteristics of the physics, the implementation of the TFU teaching model is summed up. In accordance with the TFU teaching model, the author has designed some teaching materials in the physics teaching materials of the people's education press. In order to reflect the practicality and maneuverability of TFU teaching mode in junior middle school physics teaching, I carried out long-term physics teaching practice in Ulanhot seventh middle school. Through the analysis of two parallel class examination results and questionnaires, this paper examines the implementation effect of TFU teaching mode in junior middle school physics teaching. Based on the TFU teaching mode in junior high school physics teaching practice and the analysis of experimental results showed that TFU teaching mode makes students become the junior middle school physics class master, help to improve the quality of physics teaching; TFU teaching mode to adapt to the new curriculum of junior middle school physics classroom teaching for students to form physics knowledge system of the whole, overall to grasp the basic content of physics, so as to improve the physical performance. At the same time, I also found the need to further solve the problem, for the future of the teaching and research work to provide some reference.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.7

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