科学学习进阶研究：概念、开发与案例

发布时间：2017-12-28 04:01

本文关键词：科学学习进阶研究：概念、开发与案例　出处：《宁波大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：科学学习进阶是指引美国新一轮科学教育改革的鲜明旗帜,已经引起世界各国科学教育界的广泛关注。本文在梳理国内外相关研究成果的基础上,重点揭示了科学学习进阶的内涵、价值、开发的理论依据与开发流程,并且探讨了“社会生态系统中的能量学习进阶”开发的具体案例。科学学习进阶包括学习目标、发展变量、成就水平、学习表现和评价五大要素,具体描述了重要科学素养变量在贯穿K-12年级在校时间里持续发展的阶梯与路径。科学学习进阶不仅可以改善科学课程标准,提高科学课程质量,促进科学有效教学,而且在探索高质量的评价工具等方面起着重要的指导作用。科学学习进阶的开发以学生认知发展阶段理论和最近发展区理论为依据,并且遵循一系列质量标准。科学学习进阶的开发过程包括建立认知发展模型、有效性评价及其解释等基本环节。建立认知模型主要提出学习进阶的初步框架,包括确定学习目标、发展变量和成就水平;评价与解释环节则主要是设计评价项目,收集并分析学生学习表现的访谈与实证数据,描绘学生的成就水平和成绩分布,检测学习进阶的各种水平及其具体指标,修订并完善学习进阶的框架。本研究发现,科学学习进阶开发过程是一个长期的、富有挑战的过程,需要经历上述基本环节的多重迭代循环与修订完善,而且需要多领域专家的共同参与,才能确保其科学性、合理性和有效性。我国科学教育界应充分借鉴国外科学学习进阶开发与研究经验,深入研究并开发适应我国科学教育现实需求的学习进阶,并以此指导我国科学课程标准的研制、科学课程教材的开发、科学教学与评价的实施及科学教师的培养与培训工作,以进一步提升我国科学教育质量。
[Abstract]:The advance of scientific learning is a clear flag to guide the new round of scientific education reform in the United States, which has attracted wide attention from the scientific education circles all over the world. Based on the related research results at home and abroad, this paper focuses on revealing the connotation, value, theoretical basis and development process of scientific learning, and explores the specific cases of developing energy learning in the social ecosystem. The five elements of learning progress, including learning goals, development variables, achievement levels, learning performance and evaluation, specifically describe the ladder and path of important scientific literacy variables in K-12 grade school time. The advanced learning of science can not only improve the standard of science curriculum, improve the quality of science curriculum, promote scientific and effective teaching, but also play an important guiding role in exploring high-quality evaluation tools. The development of scientific learning is based on the theory of students' cognitive development stage and the theory of the recent development zone, and follows a series of quality standards. The development process of scientific learning includes the basic links of establishing cognitive development model, effectiveness evaluation and interpretation. A cognitive model is established mainly put forward a preliminary framework for learning advanced, including the determining variables and learning achievement level objectives, development; evaluation and interpretation process is mainly designed to evaluate the project, collect and analyze student interviews and empirical data, depicting the student achievement level and grade distribution, detection of various level of learning advanced and specific indicators, revising and perfecting the framework of learning advanced. The study found that science learning advanced development process is a long and challenging process, multiple iteration and revision of the basic aspects of perfect experience, but also need to participate in multi field experts, in order to ensure the scientificity, rationality and validity. China's science education should fully learn from foreign advanced science learning research and development experience, in-depth research and development to adapt to the practical needs of science education in China to learn advanced, and to guide China's science curriculum development, science curriculum development, teaching and scientific evaluation of the implementation of the science and the cultivation and training of teachers. In order to further improve the quality of science education in china.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.98

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