手持技术在中学化学实验中的应用与案例开发

发布时间：2018-01-13 19:15

本文关键词：手持技术在中学化学实验中的应用与案例开发　出处：《河南师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：新世纪以来,手持技术蓬勃发展并开始广泛应用于我国的教育教学中。随着新课程改革的提出,手持技术作为一种深入、直观、定量的教学辅助手段,进入化学课堂,在培养学生形成自主的、探究的、合作性的学习方式具有特别重要意义,已成为一种发展趋势。对于课题的主要研究和实践工作包含:首先,在阐述研究背景及研究现状的基础上,针对课题的实践研究进行了探讨,在明确研究目的的基础上,确定研究内容和方法,制定研究计划,并分析和总结课题的研究价值及意义。接着,以河南师范大学的2010、2011级师资型化学专业本科生(准备从事中学化学教学的学生)教师教育课程中开设手持技术实验课为契机,结合中学化学内容,具体进行以手持技术为基础的化学实验教学研究,明确实验的设计原则、思路,并筛选和设计实验内容,总结课程的实施效果。实验内容上设计了三个系列实验(8个小实验)分别为:手持技术仪器基本操作训练、手持技术与课程整合实验探究和手持技术综合实验研究。在整个手持技术实验课程开展阶段中,改变传统实验中只能看到实验结果的现象。同时由传统实验的定性说明向定量说明过渡,体现手持技术的特点。整个过程,严格规范操作方法,关注学生的过程体验和情感·态度·价值观教育。然后,进一步拓展、开发课程资源——两个创新性实验案例:(1)利用手持技术探究“黑面包实验”。除对“黑面包”传统实验的实验装置进行改进,最重要的是对实验中SO2的吸收溶液——Na OH溶液的吸收效果做定量研究。(2)利用手持技术探究胶体的电导率实验,利用手持技术,对Fe(OH)3胶体和相应的Fe Cl3溶液进行了电导率的测试、比较和探究。让学生更好地认识溶液和胶体,为区分溶液和胶体提供一个电导率数据不同的依据。这两个实验教学案例至今未见文献资料报道。最后,手持技术实验课结束后,通过调查问卷及观察、访谈的方法,分别从手持技术实验课的教学效果、手持技术的优势、手持技术的作用与影响、手持技术的应用、学生作为未来化学教师对其的态度、学生是否具备开发此类教学案例的能力等六个方面进行了调查分析。结果表明:在河南省范围内,除极个别学生通过书刊、杂志或借助互联网对手持技术略微有所了解,绝大部分学生在选修手持技术实验课前,根本就对它一无所知。而实验课之后,78.5%的学生喜欢课程的教学方式;65.2%的学生认为课程具有好的教学效果;52.6%的学生认为手持技术的应用对中学化学教学具有一定影响;78.2%的学生较传统实验更喜欢手持技术实验;75.6%的学生认识到手持技术有助于激发对化学的学习兴趣;70.2%的学生认为有助于数据分析能力的提升;63.5%的学生对其有利于提高图像的识别能力表示认同;52.6%的学生认为有助于提升创造力;75.6%的学生愿意使用手持技术来做化学实验;74.6%的学生认为自己能开发出此类教学案例,但这需要更多时间。因此得出,手持技术已经得到了绝大多数学生的认可,学生也能感受到利用手持技术对于提高学习兴趣和小组协作实验的帮助,认识到手持技术对化学教学与学生学习具有积极作用。同时也证实:在中学化学实验中运用手持技术是完全必要和切实可行的。开展手持技术的实验研究,目前在河南省高校和大部分中学还为数不多,基本算是空白,因此在河南省值得推广和探讨。
[Abstract]:Since the new century, educational handheld technology vigorous development and widely applied in our country. With the development of the new curriculum reform, with technology as an auxiliary means of teaching in-depth, intuitive, quantitative, into the chemistry classroom, in cultivating students' independent research, and has great significance of cooperation learning style, has become a development trend. The main research and practice work includes: firstly, based on elaborating the research background and research status on the practice in research are discussed, based on the research purpose, research contents and methods, develop the research plan, research value and significance and analyze and summarize the subject. Then, in the 20102011 grade teacher type chemistry from Henan Normal University undergraduates (ready to engage in the middle school chemistry teaching students) teacher education programme held Experiment technology as an opportunity, combined with the content of middle school chemistry, the chemistry experiment teaching with handheld technology as the foundation, clear design principles, test ideas, and screening and designing the experiment content, implementation effect summary course. Experimental content design three series of experiments (8 experiments) respectively. A basic operation training instrument, handheld technology experiment and research of handheld experimental technology and curriculum integration. In the experimental course of handheld technology to carry out stage, change the traditional experimental results can only see the phenomenon. At the same time by the traditional qualitative description to quantitative description of the transition, reflects the characteristics of handheld technology. The whole process. Strictly regulate the operation method, education students experience and emotion, attitude and value. Then, to further expand the development of curriculum resources, two innovative experimental case : (1) using a hand-held inquiry "black bread experiment" technology. In addition to the experiment device of the "black bread" the traditional experiment was improved, the most important thing is to test the absorption of SO2 solution absorption effect of Na OH solution to do quantitative research. (2) using handheld technology to explore the colloid conductivity experiments. The use of handheld technology, Fe (OH) Fe Cl3 3 colloid and corresponding solution conductivity test, comparison and research. Let students better understand the solution and colloid, provide a basis for distinguishing the conductivity data of different solution and colloid. The two experimental teaching case has not been reported. The final documents the end of the experiment, hand-held technology course, through the questionnaire and observation, interview method, separately from the handheld technology experiment course teaching effect, with the advantages of technology, function and influence of handheld technology, handheld technology should be used as the future of the students. The attitude of school teachers, six students have ability to develop this kind of teaching cases were investigated. The results show that: in Henan province range, in addition to individual students through books, magazines or the Internet for handheld technology slightly understand, most of the students in the experimental class before elective handheld technology. There is to it. But after absolutely ignorant of experimental course, 78.5% of the students love the teaching mode; 65.2% of the students think that the course has good teaching effect; 52.6% of the students think that the application of handheld technology has certain effects on the middle school chemistry teaching; 78.2% of the students love more than the traditional experimental handheld technology experiment; 75.6% of the students know the handheld technology helps to stimulate the chemistry study interest; 70.2% of the students think that helps to enhance the ability of data analysis; 63.5% of the students is helpful to improve the recognition of the The ability to agree; 52.6% of the students think that helps to enhance creativity; 75.6% of the students are willing to use handheld technology to do chemical experiments; 74.6% of the students think they can develop such a teaching case, but it needs more time. Therefore, the handheld technology has been recognized by the vast majority of students, the students can feel the a technology for improving the learning interest and team experiments help realize handheld technology plays a positive role in chemistry teaching and students' learning. At the same time also confirmed: use in the middle school chemistry experiment in handheld technology is absolutely necessary and feasible. The experimental study was carried out on handheld technology, at present in Colleges and universities in Henan province and also most of the middle school a few, basic is blank, so it is worthy of promotion and research in Henan province.

【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.8

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