四川省高中学生生物学科课业负担现状调查与分析

发布时间：2018-01-13 20:19

本文关键词：四川省高中学生生物学科课业负担现状调查与分析　出处：《西华师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在当前进行的各种教育改革中,学生的课业负担过重问题一直是基础教育中的顽疾,几代党和国家领导人都为此发表过讲话,中央教育行政部门曾先后发出过三十几个减负文件。2001年国家教育部推动了建国以来的第八次课程改革,在推进新课程改革的进程中,取得了一定程度上的进展,但很少有地区反映通过课程改革学生的课业负担确实得到了减轻。在高中学校展开对学生课业负担的实证研究,将对改变高中学生课业负担过重的现状具有实际指导意义。所以笔者借以在调查四川省高中学生课业负担现状的基础上,以生物学科为切入点,了解新课改后四川省普通高中学生课业负担现状的总体情况和生物学科课业负担的现状,以此来发现学生在日常学习生活中所存在的课业负担问题,并结合其他专家学者的研究成果和笔者教育实习的经验,来探寻一些有针对性、可操作性的减轻高中学生课业负担的对策和建议,从而为新课程改革的实施提供现实依据。笔者对四川省21所普通高中1670名高一和高二的学生,进行了关于课业负担现状以及生物学科的课业负担现状的调查和分析。实际调查表明,总的来看,客观上学生的课业负担是比较重的,包括睡眠时间不足、睡眠质量不高、学生在校日课时量多、考试次数频繁、使用的配套教辅资料多、完成作业时间长、周末或寒暑假要参加补习或辅导班等;从学生对课业负担的主观感受来看,接近一半的学生认为课业负担过重,很少有学生认为对目前的学习生活感到愉快,学生觉得学习的压力来源于社会、家庭、教师和学生自身。而从生物学科来看,客观上学生的生物课业负担过重现象还是存在的,如每周生物课时大部分在4节以上、生物的考试次数多、还有大部分的学生会额外做生物练习等;从学生对生物课业负担的主观感受来看,接近三分之二的学生认为生物学科是有难度的,还是有部分学生认为生物学科课业负担过重。而过重的课业负担会对学生造成生理和心理上的危害和影响,笔者认为在新课程改革的背景下,可以从客观现状和学生主观心理两个方面提出减轻学课业负担的对策,从客观现状上减轻学生课业负担的方法有,提高教师自身素质、教师要正确认识新课程改革、尽量开设实验教学、构建高效课堂来减轻学生的课业负担,从学生主观心理上减轻高中学生过重课业负担的方法有,教师要改变教学观念、改变教学评价方式、加强学生对作业的幸福感。
[Abstract]:In the current educational reform, the problem of students' heavy burden of school work has been a persistent problem in basic education, for which several generations of party and state leaders have spoken. In 2001, the Ministry of Education promoted the 8th curriculum reforms since the founding of the people's Republic of China, and in the process of promoting the new curriculum reform. Progress has been made to some extent, but few regions reflect that the burden of homework of students through curriculum reform has indeed been lightened. An empirical study on the burden of students' homework has been carried out in senior high schools. It will be of practical significance to change the current situation of high school students' heavy burden of homework. So the author takes biology as the breakthrough point on the basis of investigating the current situation of homework burden of senior high school students in Sichuan Province. In order to find out the problem of students' homework burden in their daily study life, we should know the general situation of the current situation of the students' homework burden and the present situation of the biology subject's schoolwork burden after the new curriculum reform in Sichuan Province. Combined with the research results of other experts and scholars and the author's experience in education practice, to explore some targeted, operational measures and suggestions to reduce the burden of high school students' homework. So as to provide a realistic basis for the implementation of the new curriculum reform. The author of 21 ordinary high schools in Sichuan Province 1670 high school students and sophomores. This paper makes an investigation and analysis on the present situation of the schoolwork burden and the present situation of the subject of biology. The actual investigation shows that, on the whole, the students' schoolwork burden is relatively heavy, including the lack of sleep time. The quality of sleep is not high, the students have more hours in school day, the times of examinations are frequent, the auxiliary teaching materials used are many, the time of finishing homework is long, and they should attend remedial classes or tutoring classes on weekends or in winter and summer vacations. From the students' subjective feeling of the burden of homework, nearly half of the students think that the burden of homework is too heavy, and few students think that they are happy with their present study life, and that the pressure of learning comes from the society and the family. Teachers and students themselves. But from the biology subject, the students' biology homework burden is still too heavy, such as the biology class hours are mostly more than 4 sessions each week, the biological examination times are many. There are also most students doing additional biological exercises and so on; From the students' subjective perception of the burden of biology, nearly 2/3 of the students think that biology is difficult. There are still some students think that the subject of biology is too heavy a burden, and the excessive burden of homework will cause physical and psychological harm and impact on students, the author believes that under the background of the new curriculum reform. We can put forward some countermeasures to lighten the burden of school work from the aspects of objective situation and students' subjective psychology. The methods to lighten the burden of students' homework from the objective situation are to improve the teachers' own quality. Teachers should correctly understand the new curriculum reform, try to set up experimental teaching, construct efficient classroom to reduce the burden of students' homework, and reduce the heavy burden of high school students' homework from the subjective psychology of the students. Teachers should change the teaching concept, change the teaching evaluation method and strengthen the students' happiness of homework.
【学位授予单位】：西华师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.91

【参考文献】