体验式学习在高中生物教学中的实践与探索

发布时间：2018-02-10 15:35

本文关键词： 体验式学习高中生物学教学策略　出处：《聊城大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高中生物新课程改革提倡学生主动学习,协作学习和探究学习,力图通过转变学生的学习方法,指导学生自己作为主体积极参与学习活动过程中,使学生在“亲身”经历中学习、反思、成长。目前,各学科在新课程改革的影响下都积极地探索有效的教学方式,比如情境教学法、合作探究法等。体验学习是源于欧洲而在美国发展起来的教学方式,是学生在教师在教学过程中创设的情境之中,通过亲身经历和体验获得知识、发展能力、生成情感的过程。与传统的教学方法相比,体验式学习具有“为了体验”、“在体验中”、“通过体验”的基本特征。“为了体验”即在教学过程中将教学的所要达到的目的渗透于体验之中,充分利用体验对于学生正确态度的培养以及形成良好的处事方式的价值。“在体验中”即在讲授知识的过程中教师要竭尽全力地营造出各种适宜的情境和氛围,通过主体与客体之间的不断相互作用,使学生得到心理倾向性和情意方面的发展。“通过体验”即充分利用学生已有知识与经验,充分发挥学生的主体地位,为学生创造思想与行动的“自由”,让学生享有更多的发展机会,能够最大限度地获得身体和心灵的解放。本研究结合山东省聊城市第三中学的情况,通过问卷调查法了解高中生物学教师对体验式学习的认识和实践情况。结果显示:大多数教师有重视学生体验的意识,但在具体的教学实践中有所偏差,比如他们只是单纯地注重学生的形式上的体验却忽略了学生们的反思活动。本研究结合人教版的高中生物学教科书,选择了三个教学案例,结果显示实施体验式教学有利于提高学生的学习兴趣,让学生更好的掌握知识,提高学生的应试能力。随后介绍实验研究的实施过程并结合其中的体验学习策略例举了教学案例,最后对研究结果进行进一步的统计分析,得出结论并作出反思。
[Abstract]:The new curriculum reform of biology in senior high school advocates students to study actively, cooperate and explore learning, and try hard to guide students to participate in learning activities actively by changing their learning methods. At present, under the influence of the new curriculum reform, all subjects actively explore effective teaching methods, such as situational teaching, Experience learning is a teaching method developed from Europe and developed in the United States. It is a kind of teaching method in which students acquire knowledge and develop their abilities through their own experience and experience in the context created by teachers in the teaching process. The process of generating emotions. Compared with traditional teaching methods, Experiential learning has the basic characteristics of "in order to experience", "in experience", "through experience". Take full advantage of the value of experience for the cultivation of students' correct attitude and the formation of good ways of doing things. "in experience", that is, in the process of teaching knowledge, teachers should do their utmost to create various suitable situations and atmosphere. Through the continuous interaction between the subject and the object, the students can get the development of psychological orientation and affection. "through experience" means to make full use of the students' knowledge and experience, and give full play to the students' subjective position. To create "freedom" of thought and action for students to enjoy more opportunities for development and to maximize the liberation of body and mind. This study combines the situation of No.3 Middle School in Liaocheng City, Shandong Province. The results show that most of the teachers have the consciousness of paying attention to the students' experience, but there are some deviations in the specific teaching practice. For example, they only pay attention to the students' formal experience but ignore the students' reflective activities. This study combines the personal education version of the senior high school biology textbook and selects three teaching cases. The results show that the implementation of experiential teaching is beneficial to improve students' interest in learning and enable them to master knowledge better. Then the paper introduces the implementation process of the experimental study and gives an example of the experience learning strategy. Finally, the author makes a further statistical analysis of the research results, draws a conclusion and makes a reflection.
【学位授予单位】：聊城大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.91

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