中美高中化学教材关于“电解质溶液理论”内容的比较研究

发布时间：2018-02-14 12:47

本文关键词： 中国美国化学教材比较研究　出处：《东北师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着课程改革的进行和教育事业的日益发展,教材的比较分析研究逐渐成为热点,为了保证在教材编写质量进一步优化的基础上拓展国际视野,有必要借鉴发达国家教材的编写理念,为我国教材编制更加完善有所启示。依据教材的典型代表性和使用地域的广泛性以及知识模块的重要性,本文以中国人民教育出版社出版的高中化学教材和美国Glencoe公司出版的《Chemistry:Concepts and Applications》(化学：概念与应用)作为分析对象通过文献综述法、比较分析法对“电解质溶液理论”在两国的课程标准中的规定、内容的编排特点及内容的呈现方式等方面进行比较分析研究,在此过程中会有以下发现：二者都将以提高学生的科学素养作为课程改革的基本理念,并以学科为中心作为教材的编排思想,且注重化学与生活和社会间的联系,不同的是我国教材在编写过程中较美版来说在内容呈现方式(栏目、插图和习题)方面数量过少、实验栏目形式较单一、图片的颜色过于暗淡等,综合分析笔者将给出以下建议：一是注重学生化学兴趣的培养方面。可以通过实验栏目中多引入家庭实验,激发学生的化学兴趣,或者是化学知识多与生活和社会相关问题相结合,使学生感受到化学的无处不在,再者通过描述化学工作者的工作内容和对社会的意义以及介绍高科技化学设备的工作原理,使学生建立对化学的好奇和形成强烈的社会责任感；二是注重与化学知识点结合的方式。通过增加栏目插图的数量以便更好地对化学知识解读,也可以利用色彩艳丽画面清晰的插图还原反应现象,以便达到图文并茂的效果。三是注重学生理性思维的培养。在例题讲解要有明确的分析、方案、实施和检查四步骤,形成良好的解题习惯,课后习题考察的知识点要灵活全面。
[Abstract]:With the development of curriculum reform and education, the comparative analysis of teaching materials has gradually become a hot spot. In order to ensure the further optimization of the quality of textbook compilation, the international perspective is expanded. It is necessary to draw lessons from the idea of compiling textbooks in developed countries, so as to provide some enlightenment for the compilation of textbooks in our country. According to the typical representativeness of textbooks, the wide range of using regions and the importance of knowledge modules, This paper takes the senior high school chemistry textbook published by the Chinese people's Education Publishing House and Chemistry:Concepts and Applications (Chemistry: concept and Application) published by Glencoe Company of the United States as the analysis object through the literature review method. Comparative analysis is carried out on the provisions of the electrolyte solution theory in the curriculum standards of the two countries, the characteristics of the content arrangement and the presentation of the content, etc. In this process, the following findings will be made: both will take the improvement of students' scientific literacy as the basic idea of curriculum reform, and the discipline as the center of the arrangement of teaching materials, and pay attention to the relationship between chemistry and life and society. The difference is that the number of content presentation methods (columns, illustrations and exercises) is too small, the form of experimental columns is relatively simple, and the color of the pictures is too dim. Comprehensive analysis the author will give the following suggestions: first, pay attention to the cultivation of students' interest in chemistry. We can introduce more family experiments into the experimental column to stimulate students' interest in chemistry. Or if chemistry knowledge is combined with life and social problems, students can feel that chemistry is everywhere. Furthermore, by describing the work content and social significance of chemical workers and introducing the working principle of high-tech chemical equipment, To make students become curious about chemistry and form a strong sense of social responsibility; second, to focus on the combination of chemical knowledge points. By increasing the number of column illustrations in order to better understand chemical knowledge, It is also possible to use clear illustrations of colorful pictures to reduce the reaction phenomenon in order to achieve the effect of juxtaposition of pictures and texts. Third, it is necessary to pay attention to the cultivation of students' rational thinking. In the explanation of examples, it is necessary to have clear analysis, plan, implementation and inspection four steps. Form a good habit of problem-solving, after-class exercise to investigate the knowledge points to be flexible and comprehensive.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.8

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