PISA2015科学素养测试公开试题分析及教学启示

发布时间：2018-02-27 11:19

本文关键词： PISA 科学素养试题分析　出处：《外国中小学教育》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：PISA2015科学素养测试公开试题在能力要求方面主要考察学生在"科学地解释数据和证据""科学地解释现象"能力标准上的表现,在具体的评价试题设计方面所涉及的科学知识主要是"程序性知识"和"内容性知识",对背景范围的关注主要集中在个人、地区/国家情景,对于试题所属科学内容主题则都有涉猎,大多数试题属于中等水平题目,在试题形式方面倾向于以简单选择题的形式呈现。根据PISA2015科学素养测试公开试题的特点,建议在科学教学实践过程中,注重学生对科学现象的解释,强化数据和证据的应用;关注科学知识建立过程的程序性知识,加强学生对科学本质的理解;增加科学知识产生的真实个人、地区/全球背景介绍,丰富科学教学素材。
[Abstract]:In the aspect of ability requirement of PISA2015 science literacy test, the performance of students in "scientific interpretation of data and evidence" and "scientific interpretation of phenomena" was investigated. The scientific knowledge involved in the design of specific evaluation questions is mainly "procedural knowledge" and "content knowledge", and the attention to the context is mainly focused on individual, regional / national situations, Most of the questions are of medium level and tend to be presented in the form of simple multiple choice questions. According to the characteristics of the PISA2015 Science Literacy Test, It is suggested that in the course of scientific teaching practice, students should pay attention to the explanation of scientific phenomena, strengthen the application of data and evidence, pay attention to the procedural knowledge in the process of establishing scientific knowledge, and strengthen students' understanding of the nature of science. Add true personal, regional / global background to the generation of scientific knowledge and enrich science teaching materials.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学化学学院;
【分类号】：G633.98

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