初中生心理地图现状调查及策略研究

发布时间：2018-04-06 00:24

本文选题：心理地图　切入点：地理教学　出处：《河南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：地理学是研究人地关系的一门综合性学科,综合性、空间性、区域性是地理学科的重要特性。因此,学习地理学科需要具备一定的空间认知能力。在地理教学活动中,地图作为地理教学的第二语言其重要性不言而喻,地图不仅表达各种事物的空间分布、联系而且还描述时间发展中地理事物的变化状态。随着时代的飞速发展和科技的进步,各种各样的地图充满了我们的日常生活,使人们的生活更加便利。但是,如何通过地理知识的积累更清晰的看懂地图或是说更好地使用地图解决现实问题,成为每个人应当具备的素质。初中阶段是系统认识地球和地图的关键阶段,对于初中学习地理课程的学生们来说,读图、识图、分析地图的能力是至关重要的,地理教师应该注重在教学过程中对学生空间认知能力的培养。通过培养初中生构建心理地图的能力,锻炼学生地理思维,提高中学生空间认知能力,促进学生全面发展,这与教育后现代视角的理念相一致。如何才能使学生在学习地理课程的同时,不断丰富地理学科知识,将地理知识进一步的系统化、逻辑化,进而培养初中学生地理思维能力和促进学生全面发展,已经成为了地理学者亟待解决的问题。笔者通过对河南省三所初级中学的四个班级学生心理地图构建的现状调查,了解七、八年级学生心理地图构建情况。通过调查数据分析,得出还未系统学习地理知识的七年级学生因性别差异略微影响构建心理地图的能力,但不起决定性作用。随着对地理课程的学习,心理地图构建逐渐完善,性别差异所造成的构建心理地图能力差异可以忽略。本文以教育学、心理学、教育心理学、地理教育学等作为理论基础,通过对国内外相关文献、资料的查阅以及整理;设计问卷调查,对河南省三所初级中学的学生构建心理地图现状进行调查;整理调查问卷数据,分析调查数据中所显示出的初中学生构建心理地图的现状;并提出由教师引导与学生自学相结合的初中生构建心理地图策略以及心理地图构建的方法。为中学教师培养初中学生对地理学科的兴趣,提高中学生的空间认知能力,促进学生全面发展,提供参考依据。对初中生构建心理地图策略及方法进行探讨,旨在让更多地理教师重视对初中阶段学生构建心理地图能力的培养,提高学生的空间认知能力,加强学生学习地理知识的兴趣,促进学生全面的发展。
[Abstract]:Geography is a comprehensive subject to study the relationship between man and land. Comprehensive, spatial and regional are the important characteristics of geography.Therefore, learning geography requires a certain degree of spatial cognitive ability.In the geography teaching activities, the importance of map as the second language of geography teaching is self-evident. Map not only expresses the spatial distribution of all kinds of things, but also describes the changing state of geographical things in the development of time.With the rapid development of the times and the progress of science and technology, all kinds of maps are full of our daily life and make people's life more convenient.However, how to understand maps more clearly through the accumulation of geographical knowledge or to use maps better to solve practical problems has become the quality that everyone should have.The junior middle school stage is the key stage of systematic understanding of the earth and map. For junior high school students studying geography, the ability to read map, read map, and analyze map is very important.Geography teachers should pay attention to the cultivation of students' spatial cognitive ability in the process of teaching.Through cultivating junior high school students' ability of constructing mental map, training students' geographical thinking, improving students' spatial cognitive ability and promoting students' all-round development, this is consistent with the idea of posteducational modern visual angle.How to make students enrich geography knowledge while studying geography course, further systematize and logic geography knowledge, and then cultivate students' geography thinking ability and promote students' all-round development.It has become an urgent problem for geologists to solve.The present situation of mental map construction of students in four classes in three junior middle schools in Henan Province was investigated to find out how to construct mental map of students in grade 7 and grade 8.Through the analysis of the survey data, it is concluded that the gender difference of the seventh grade students who have not yet learned geography knowledge has a slight influence on the ability to construct the mental map, but it does not play a decisive role.With the study of geography course, the construction of mental map is gradually improved, and the difference of the ability to construct mental map caused by gender difference can be ignored.Based on the theories of pedagogy, psychology, educational psychology and geography pedagogy, this paper designs a questionnaire survey by consulting and arranging relevant literature and materials at home and abroad.This paper investigates the status quo of students' mental map construction in three junior middle schools in Henan Province, collates the questionnaire data, and analyzes the present situation of junior middle school students' psychological map construction shown in the survey data.It also puts forward the strategies of constructing mental map and the method of constructing mental map of junior high school students which is guided by teachers and self-taught by students.It provides reference basis for middle school teachers to cultivate junior middle school students' interest in geography, to improve students' spatial cognitive ability and to promote students' all-round development.This paper probes into the strategies and methods of constructing mental map of junior high school students, in order to make more geography teachers pay attention to the cultivation of students' ability to construct mental map, improve students' spatial cognitive ability, and strengthen students' interest in learning geography knowledge.To promote the all-round development of students.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.55

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