中美高中生物教材中关于职业生涯教育内容的比较研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 01:18

本文选题：高中生物 + 教材比较　；参考：《华中师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：终生教育是现代社会教育所倡导的理念,而职业生涯教育就是贯彻终生的教育,其受众是社会的所有个体,影响着人一生的发展。普通高中教育对象正处在青少年时期,是世界观、人生观和价值观形成的重要时期。普通高中生毕业后有两方向的出路：1、继续进入高等教育学校接受专业知识培养后就业；2、直接进入社会就业。由此可以看出普通高中教育的目标不仅仅让受教育者有一定的知识积累以便接受更高层次的教育,同时还要对其进行相关的职业能力培养。因此,在普通高中教育中开展职业生涯教育是势在必行的。高中生物课程是我国高中课程的重要组成部分,《普通高中生物课程标准》中提到普通高中教育的部分任务是“发展学生的科学素养与人文精神、创新精神与实践能力、国际视野与民族精神、社会责任感与人生规划能力”,并指出这一任务“对国家的兴盛、社会的进步、个人的终身发展都具有重要意义。”但是,作为一名教师,笔者亲身体验到,由于高考评价机制仍主要以考试分数为依据,造成平时教师在探讨高中课堂教育时,着重点都在如何高效的进行知识的学习,提高分数,对学生“人生规划能力”并没有太多的关注。本文主要通过中美高中职业生涯教育现状比较研究,了解中美两国在高中阶段进行职业生涯教育的特点；通过我国高中生物教材人教版、苏教版必修三册和美国高中生物教材《科学发现者——生命的动力》三册中与职业生涯教育有关的内容的分析比较,尝试对如何在高中生物课程中渗透职业生涯教育的策略提出建议。主要研究结论：我国在高中阶段进行职业生涯教育是必要而可行的；我国高中生物教材人教版必修三册中与职业生涯教育有关的材料呈现方式多样化,内容排列具有明显的条理性,但职业种类覆盖面仍有待优化；苏教版必修三册中与职业生涯教育有关的内容相对较少,并且内容描述较为简单；美国《科学发现者——生命的动力》三册中与职业生涯教育有关的内容丰富多样,呈现方式具有多样化,并且在对学生的情感态度价值观方面的教育有更好的渗透,很有借鉴意义。在具体的实施过程中,结合我国高中教育特点,可采取多种方式进行职业生涯教育。在学校里可以利用选修课、主题班会和假期社会实践,以讲座的形式邀请成功人士与学生交流,并且让家长也参与到对学生的职业生涯教育中来,构建学校—社会—家庭的密切联系,共同合作以便更好地提高学生的人生规划能力。
[Abstract]:Lifelong education is the concept advocated by modern education, and career education is the implementation of lifelong education, its audience is all the individuals of society, affecting the development of human life. The object of high school education is in adolescence, which is an important period for the formation of world outlook, outlook on life and values. After graduation, ordinary high school students have two ways to go: 1, continue to enter higher education schools, accept professional knowledge training and obtain employment, and enter social employment directly. From this we can see that the goal of general high school education is not only to let the educatee have certain knowledge accumulation in order to accept higher level education, but also to carry on the related vocational ability training to it. Therefore, it is imperative to carry out career education in ordinary high school education. High school biology curriculum is an important part of senior high school curriculum in our country. The main task of ordinary high school biology curriculum is to "develop students' scientific literacy and humanistic spirit, innovation spirit and practical ability." International perspective and national spirit, social responsibility and life planning ability, "and pointed out that this task" is of great significance to the prosperity of the country, the progress of society, and the lifelong development of the individual. " However, as a teacher, I personally experience that, because the evaluation mechanism of the college entrance examination is still mainly based on the examination scores, the focus of teachers in ordinary times is on how to learn knowledge efficiently when they discuss the classroom education in senior high school. Raising scores does not pay much attention to the student's ability to plan for life. Through the comparative study of the current situation of senior high school career education in China and the United States, this paper explores the characteristics of career education in senior high school between China and the United States. An Analysis and comparison of the contents related to career Education in the required three volumes of the Soviet Education Edition and the American Senior High School Biology textbook, "the Discovery of Science-the motive Force of Life", This paper tries to give some suggestions on how to infiltrate career education in high school biology curriculum. Main conclusions: it is necessary and feasible to carry out career education in senior middle school in our country. The arrangement of contents is obviously organized, but the coverage of occupational categories still needs to be optimized, and the contents of the three required books of the Soviet Education Edition are relatively few and the description of the contents is relatively simple. American science discoverer the motive force of life. The contents related to career education in the three volumes are rich and diverse, the presentation is diverse, and the education of students' emotional attitude and values is better permeated. It is very useful for reference. In the process of implementation, combining the characteristics of senior high school education in our country, we can carry out career education in many ways. In school, you can use elective classes, theme classes, and holiday social practices to invite successful people to communicate with students in the form of lectures, and to involve parents in career education. Build a close school-society-family relationship and work together to improve students' ability to plan their lives.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.91

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