高中学生学习“有机化学基

发布时间：2018-05-04 04:47

本文选题：高中学生 + 学习有机化学　；参考：《华中师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本研究分为三个部分。第一部分,在新课改实施后,高中化学中“有机化学基础”的教学目标和方法有了很大的改变。在进行高中化学的教学时,有机化学的相关内容是很重要的组成部分。学生在学习有机化学前接触的是无机化学,两部分内容有很大的不同,学习的方法也有一定的差异,要求学生要及时的改变学习策略和方法。这样,学生可能会存在学习上的困难和障碍。结合国内外对学生学习障碍的研究现状,确定本研究的课题为“高中学生学习‘有机化学基础’障碍成因及其对策研究”。第二部分,本研究的相关理论基础包括建构主义学习理论、认知策略理论、三层级说理论、现代信息加工理论,通过这些理论的研究并结合实际教学,分析和总结出学生在学习时的想法和学习的实际过程。根据本次研究的目的,了解和总结出高中生学习有机化学时存在的学习上的困难和障碍,设计了调查问卷：《高中学生学习有机化学障碍的问卷(高三)》。问卷主要包括以下几个方面：①对有机化合物和无机化合物进行比较和分析不同,②有机化合物的概念、组成、种类、命名,③有机化合物的结构,④有机物的性质(物理性质和化学性质),⑤有机化学课堂教学的情况,⑥有机化学学习方法及思路等几个方面。选择在校的高三学生进行问卷调查和访谈,通过对问卷调查和访谈的结果进行分析,同时结合对任职教师的访谈情况,从而归纳和总结出学生学习有机化学时的学习障碍。第三部分,针对学生在学习有机化学时存在的学习障碍提出相应的解决策略,包括教师的教学方面和学生的学习方面。为了验证解决策略的有效性,选择在校的两个班高三学生进行教学实验研究,在实验班使用所提出的策略进行教学和学习,在对照班使用一般的教学和学习方法。在有机化学学习结束后,对两个班的学习情况进行测验和比较并得到相关的数据。把测验的结果用Spss17.0 for Word进行分析,根据分析出来的数据可以看出所提出的解决策略具有一定的效果。通过研究的过程和结论,可以看出本研究提出的学生存在的学习障碍以及成因具有一定的针对性,提出的解决策略具有一定的实用性。
[Abstract]:This research is divided into three parts. The first part, after the implementation of the new curriculum reform, the teaching objectives and methods of organic chemistry in senior high school chemistry have changed greatly. Organic chemistry is an important part of chemistry teaching in senior high school. The students are exposed to inorganic chemistry before learning organic chemistry. The two parts are different in content and learning methods, which requires students to change their learning strategies and methods in time. In this way, students may have learning difficulties and obstacles. According to the present situation of the study on the students' learning disability at home and abroad, the research topic of this study is "the study on the causes and Countermeasures of the High School students' Organic Chemistry Foundation 'obstacles." In the second part, the theoretical basis of this study includes constructivism learning theory, cognitive strategy theory, three-level theory, modern information processing theory, through the research of these theories and combining with practical teaching. Analyze and summarize the students' thoughts and learning process. According to the purpose of this study, we know and summarize the difficulties and obstacles in the study of organic chemistry in senior high school students, and design the questionnaire: the questionnaire on the obstacles of Senior High School students to learn Organic Chemistry (Grade 3). The questionnaire mainly includes the following aspects: 1. Comparing and analyzing the concept, composition, type and structure of different organic compounds of organic compounds and inorganic compounds. (4) the properties of organic matter (physical and chemical properties) and the teaching of organic chemistry in classroom. Through the analysis of the results of the questionnaires and interviews and the interview of the teachers in senior high school, this paper concludes and summarizes the learning obstacles of the students in the study of organic chemistry. In the third part, the author puts forward the corresponding strategies for students' learning obstacles in organic chemistry, including teachers' teaching and students' learning. In order to verify the effectiveness of the solution strategy, the students in two classes of senior high school were selected to carry out the teaching experiment. The proposed strategies were used for teaching and learning in the experimental class, and the general teaching and learning methods were used in the control class. After the study of organic chemistry, the two classes were tested and compared, and the relevant data were obtained. The results of the test are analyzed by Spss17.0 for Word. According to the data obtained from the analysis, it can be seen that the proposed solution has certain effect. Through the process and conclusion of the study, we can see that the students' learning disabilities and their causes have some pertinence, and the solutions proposed in this study have some practicability.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.8

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