初中生海洋意识现状及海洋地理教学渗透研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 21:22

本文选题：初中生 + 海洋意识　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国是一个海陆兼备的大国,拥有广阔的水域、漫长的海岸线和悠久的航海历史。但是中国在向海而兴的近代文明里却不是一个海洋强国。为振兴中华,我国人民正在逐步培养自身的海洋意识。进入新世纪,世界各国对海洋越来越重视,对海洋的开发利用也越来越关注,开发利用的范围不断扩大,水平不断提高,海洋已成为人类寻求生存发展的“第二空间”。我国也确立了“海洋强国”的发展战略。内涵丰富的海洋意识是一个国家公民素质和国家综合实力的具体体现。因此,为适应中国走向海洋的发展步伐,培养公民的海洋意识就刻不容缓。在公民中,青少年是祖国的未来,尤其需要精心培育。地理课堂,特别是初中地理课堂,应该是启发培养初中生海洋意识的前沿阵地。因此本论文研究的主要内容是围绕初中生海洋意识展开的。本论文主要采用文献研究法、问卷调查法、经验总结法和比较研究法这四种方法,对初中生海洋意识现状及海洋地理教学渗透的研究主要立足于初中生海洋意识现状和初中地理课堂现状。通过实地调查初中生海洋意识整体表现为意识不强,对相关知识的获取缺乏自主性,初中生的海洋意识集中表现为主权意识,对海洋的归属感和服务意识不强等特点。依据这些特点,进一步探讨了导致初中生海洋意识缺失的影响因素是社会文化法制、学校教育和主观能动性的不足。针对这样的现状,分析得出强化初中生海洋意识的必要性和可行性。加强初中生海洋意识的途径可以从四方面着手：社会提供素材,课改提供方向,初中生心理是基础,还有教师对自身的追求作为保障。值得注意的是,特别强调海洋地理渗透的可行性是践行地理新课改,促进初中地理教师个人成长的一个突破点。为配合初中生海洋意识的教学,强化初中生海洋意识,通过比较研究,本文主要提出包括教育理念的渗透、教育方法的优选、立足地理教材的教学策略等三个方面的应对策略。只有立足地理教材,做好初中生海洋地理知识的衔接和渗透,才能在初中海洋地理教学中取得普及海洋知识,培养海洋意识的重要突破。立足地理教材主要对比初高中涉及的海洋地理知识,针对初中阶段世界地理和中国地理的教材内容渗透,从而将海洋意识作为一种隐性指标衡量初中地理教学,无形中让相对低龄的孩子较早的树立海洋意识。为强化学生的海洋意识,立足教材的同时还应加强学科间的互动,甚至依托课堂内外的各种形式的生活经历来进一步提升意识。
[Abstract]:China is a land and sea country with vast waters, a long coastline and a long history of navigation. But China is not a sea power in its modern civilization. In order to rejuvenate China, our people are gradually cultivating their own awareness of the sea. In the new century, all countries in the world pay more and more attention to the ocean, and pay more and more attention to the development and utilization of the ocean. The scope and level of the exploitation and utilization are constantly expanding, and the ocean has become the "second space" for human beings to seek survival and development. China has also established the development strategy of "ocean power". The rich marine consciousness is the concrete embodiment of a country's citizen quality and national comprehensive strength. Therefore, in order to adapt to the development of China towards the ocean, it is urgent to cultivate citizens' awareness of the sea. Among citizens, young people are the future of the motherland and need to be nurtured meticulously. Geography classroom, especially junior high school geography classroom, should be the frontier position to inspire junior high school students to cultivate marine consciousness. Therefore, the main content of this paper is focused on the marine awareness of junior high school students. This paper mainly adopts four methods: literature research method, questionnaire survey method, experience summary method and comparative research method. The research on the current situation of junior high school students' marine consciousness and the infiltration of marine geography teaching is mainly based on the present situation of junior high school students' marine consciousness and the present situation of junior high school geography classroom. The marine consciousness of junior high school students is not strong, lack of autonomy to acquire relevant knowledge. The marine consciousness of junior high school students is concentrated on sovereignty consciousness, and the sense of belonging and service to the sea is not strong. According to these characteristics, this paper further discusses the influence factors of the lack of marine consciousness of junior high school students, such as the social and cultural legal system, school education and lack of subjective initiative. In view of this situation, the necessity and feasibility of strengthening junior high school students' ocean consciousness are analyzed. The ways to strengthen the marine consciousness of junior high school students can be started from four aspects: the society provides the material, the curriculum reform provides the direction, the psychology of the junior high school students is the foundation, and the teachers' pursuit of themselves is taken as the guarantee. It is worth noting that special emphasis on the feasibility of the infiltration of marine geography is a breakthrough point for practicing the new geography curriculum reform and promoting the personal growth of junior high school geography teachers. In order to cooperate with the teaching of the junior high school students' ocean consciousness and strengthen the junior high school students' ocean consciousness, through the comparative study, this paper puts forward three coping strategies including the permeation of the educational idea, the excellent selection of the educational method, and the teaching strategy based on the geography teaching material. Only by basing on geography teaching material and doing well the connection and penetration of junior high school students' marine geography knowledge can we obtain the important breakthrough of popularizing marine knowledge and cultivating marine consciousness in junior high school marine geography teaching. Based on the geography teaching materials, comparing the marine geography knowledge involved in junior high school, aiming at the infiltration of world geography and Chinese geography teaching materials in junior middle school, the marine consciousness is regarded as a recessive index to measure the junior middle school geography teaching. Virtually let the relatively young child establish the ocean consciousness earlier. In order to strengthen the students' ocean consciousness, we should strengthen the interaction between subjects while we are based on the teaching materials, and even rely on the various forms of life experience in and out of the classroom to further enhance our awareness.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.55

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