《祝福》教学解读史研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 08:51

本文选题：《祝福》 + 教学解读　；参考：《赣南师范学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：《祝福》是中学语文教学史中一个特殊的存在,它自新中国颁布第一本教材起就列于其中。在往后的60余年里,不论教材如何删改更迭,《祝福》始终占据着中学语文课堂的重要地位,从这个角度来说,《祝福》教学解读本身在某种程度上就是一部活生生的教学史。语文教学是教师集体无意识的行为,每位个体教师的教学思维各有千秋,如果将抽象的、个体的思维落实到单篇具体的文章上,以课堂解读作为中学教学思维的载体,也是有迹可寻的。在《祝福》中学语文教学解读史中,不同时期的教学解读方式就可以反映出不同的语文教学观念。《祝福》教学解读大致经历三个阶段:一、新中国成立之初语文科建立至80年代中期,是《祝福》“政治化解读”时期,该阶段课堂教学强调现实主义的政治倾向性,忽略审美功能而过度关注思想政治教育功能,《祝福》的教学解读主要围绕阶级斗争进行,从“政权、族权、神权、夫权”出发,揭露地主阶级和封建礼教的丑陋;二、80年代中后期至90年代末,是《祝福》“工具化解读”时期,语文科得以逐步走出思想政治课的阴霾,《祝福》课堂解读也与时俱进,开始深入探讨祥林嫂悲剧的社会根源。该阶段可视为过渡时期,课堂一方面开始自觉关注和挖掘《祝福》本身的文本独特性,另一方面又未能完全摆脱革命话语的影响;三、世纪初至今,是《祝福》“多元化解读”时期。1997年爆发的语文教育大讨论,使课堂进一步摆脱政治因素的束缚,人文性在教学中有越来越重要的体现,解读模式变得灵活多样,《祝福》在多元解读中回归文学本身。时至今日,人们对《祝福》的思考仍在继续。本文通过对《祝福》这篇极具代表性的课文的解读历程进行研究,梳理不同时期对这篇课文的教学思路及教学方法,进而提炼其中语文教学观的变化历程,力图为当下中学语文教学提供参照和思考的空间。
[Abstract]:Blessing is a special existence in the history of Chinese teaching in middle schools, which has been listed since the promulgation of the first textbook in New China. In the next 60 years, no matter how the textbooks are deleted and changed, blessing has always occupied an important position in the middle school Chinese classroom. From this point of view, the interpretation of "blessing" in teaching itself is to some extent a living teaching history. Chinese teaching is the collective unconscious behavior of teachers. Each individual teacher has his own teaching thinking. If the abstract and individual thinking is carried out in a single article, classroom interpretation is the carrier of teaching thinking in middle school. There is also a trace to be found. In the history of the interpretation of Chinese teaching in middle schools, the teaching interpretation methods in different periods can reflect different Chinese teaching concepts. From the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China to the middle of the 1980s, it was the period of "political interpretation", in which classroom teaching emphasized the political orientation of realism. Neglecting the aesthetic function and paying too much attention to the function of ideological and political education, the teaching interpretation of "Blessing" mainly revolves around class struggle, starting from "political power, clan right, theological right, and husband right", exposing the ugliness of the landlord class and feudal ethics; From the middle and late 1980s to the end of the 1990s, it was the period of "blessing" and "instrumental interpretation", in which the subject of Chinese was able to step out of the haze of ideological and political lessons, and the classroom interpretation of "blessing" also kept pace with the times, and began to probe deeply into the social root of Xianglin's tragedy. This stage can be regarded as a transitional period. On the one hand, the classroom begins to consciously pay attention to and excavate the unique text of "Blessing" itself, on the other hand, it is unable to completely shake off the influence of revolutionary discourse. The great discussion of Chinese education broke out in 1997, which made the classroom get rid of the shackles of political factors, and humanism is more and more important in teaching. The mode of interpretation becomes flexible and diverse, and Blessing returns to literature itself in multiple interpretations. To this day, people continue to think about Blessing. Through the study of the reading process of the most representative text, this paper combs the teaching ideas and teaching methods of this text in different periods, and then refines the course of the change of the Chinese teaching concept. Try to provide reference and thinking space for the present middle school Chinese teaching.
【学位授予单位】：赣南师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.3

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