提高高中生物实验教学指导有效性的研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 10:41

本文选题：生物实验指导 + 有效性　；参考：《天津师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：高中生物实验是生物教学的重要组成部分,是培养学生科学实验技能、深化知识和培养科学精神的途径。新课程理念强调学生对知识的主动意义建构,教师只有从学生的经验出发指导学生进行生物实验,才能有效的达成实验目标。生物实验教学在实际教学中的受重视程度与其实施情况并不理想,生物实验教学存在“两低”现象：实验开设率低,实验效率低。为提高生物实验的有效性首要的是提高教师实验指导的有效性。论文选取天津中学高中二年级学生为研究对象,采用问卷法和访谈法调研该年级的实验教学状况。利用数据统计的方法分析调研结果,发现师生对实验预习效果的满意度皆不高,学生需求多样化的现代教学辅助手段,现行的实验评价多以教师评价为主,评价方式较单一等问题。笔者在所教班级尝试对比使用多种评价方式,通过观察和学生访谈得出学生自评和互评的评价方式效果较好。分析教学个案,寻找提高生物教学指导的办法并得出结论：利用实验报告和微课视频指导学生实验预习能提高学生预习的有效性。教师适时、适量、选择合适的多媒体对实验教学指导有辅助作用,微课视频和多媒体课件是两种较好的载体。启发指导,培养学生良好的实验操作习惯。采取多元评价,指导学生自评和互评。为便于论文结论中的一些方法应用到具体的生物实验课堂中,提出建议。
[Abstract]:Biological experiment in senior high school is an important part of biology teaching. It is a way to cultivate students' scientific experimental skills, deepen knowledge and cultivate scientific spirit. The concept of new curriculum emphasizes the construction of students' active meaning to knowledge. Only when teachers guide students to carry out biological experiments from students' experience, can they achieve the experimental goal effectively. The degree of attention and the implementation of biological experiment teaching in practical teaching are not ideal. The phenomenon of "two low" exists in biology experiment teaching: the experiment opening rate is low and the experiment efficiency is low. In order to improve the effectiveness of biological experiments, the most important thing is to improve the effectiveness of teachers' experimental guidance. In this paper, the second grade students of Tianjin Middle School are selected as the research objects, and the questionnaire and interview methods are used to investigate the experimental teaching situation of the grade. Using the method of data statistics to analyze the results of investigation, it is found that the satisfaction of teachers and students to the experimental preview effect is not high, the students' needs are diversified modern teaching aids, and the current experimental evaluation is mostly teachers' evaluation. The evaluation method is relatively simple and so on. The author tries to use a variety of evaluation methods in the teaching classes, and through observation and student interviews, it is concluded that the evaluation methods of self-evaluation and mutual evaluation are better. This paper analyzes the teaching cases, finds out the ways to improve the guidance of biology teaching, and draws a conclusion: using the experimental report and the video of the micro-course to guide the students' experimental preview can improve the effectiveness of the students' preview. Teachers in good time and right amount choose appropriate multimedia to guide experimental teaching. Microcourse video and multimedia courseware are two better carriers. Enlighten and guide, cultivate students good experimental operation habits. Take multiple evaluation to guide students to self-evaluation and mutual evaluation. In order to facilitate the application of some methods in the conclusion of the paper to the specific biology experiment classroom, some suggestions are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.91

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