关于高中历史人物教学的几个问题

发布时间：2018-05-23 10:43

本文选题：高级中学 + 历史人物　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：历史由人类创造,并始终受人类活动的影响,探讨历史人物的活动,评价历史人物的是非功过是史学研究的重要内容。而了解历史人物的生平事迹,总结历史人物的成败得失,则是历史教学的重要任务。近年来,历史人物教学受到越来越多一线教师的重视。但就高中历史人物教学而言,在教材、教法、学法方面究竟有哪些成绩或存在哪些问题,以往的研究相对较少。本文对高中历史人物教学的重要性、高中历史人物教学现状进行深入探讨,并针对现存问题提出进一步优化高中历史人物教学的具体建议。全文分为三个部分,绪论、正文和结语,以期对高中历史人物教学活动提供有效参考。从历史的角度来看,历史人物教学是历史教学的重要组成部分。师生应了解人在历史中的作用,认识人的地位与价值。本文从知识与能力、过程与方法、情感态度与价值观三维目标出发,系统分析了学生学习历史人物的作用。并依据历史课程标准以及普通高等学校招生全国统一考试要求,进一步说明历史人物在历史教学中占有重要地位。目前高中历史人物教学己取得一定成绩,但仍存在诸多问题。本文主要从教材、教法、学情三方面对高中历史人物教学现状进行分析。在教材方面,本文细致剖析了岳麓版高中历史必修教材,从历史人物性别、地域、类别、所处时代、教科书表述方式等多个角度进行量化研究。在教法方面,本文对西安十一中、西安二十五中共120名学生进行问卷抽样,并采访了郭富斌老师、徐赐成老师等多位历史教师,就历史人物教学内容、教学过程、教学语言、教学效果等方面进行对比研究。在学情方面,本文从学生的学习兴趣、学习历史人物的态度、课余阅读和知识储备状况展开调查研究。通过一系列的数据分析后,总结得出高中历史人物教学的成绩与不足。针对历史人物教学存在的问题,本文提出几点建议。就教材编写而言,编者应做到精选内容、打开视野、心裁别出。就教师教学而言,教师首先应充分认识历史人物的重要性,关注学生的学习需求：其次要坚守五大原则——还原历史现场、关注人物发展变化、把握历史人物细节、运用对比方法、具有现实眼光；再次是进行方法优化,文中列举了多位历史教师的教学案例,可供参考。就学生学习而言,学生应努力做到广泛阅读、慎思明辨,在学习生活中多与同学朋友沟通交流,形成健康积极的人生态度价值观念。本研究对于在高中课堂实践中切实完成历史人物教学任务、发挥历史人物教学功能,具有重要的理论和现实意义。
[Abstract]:History is created by human beings and always influenced by human activities. It is an important content of historical research to probe into the activities of historical figures and evaluate their right and wrong merits and demerits. It is an important task of history teaching to understand the life deeds of historical figures and sum up the success or failure of historical figures. In recent years, the teaching of historical figures has been paid more and more attention by teachers. However, as far as the teaching of historical figures in senior high school is concerned, the achievements and problems in teaching materials, teaching methods and learning methods are relatively few in the past. This paper probes into the importance of the teaching of historical figures in senior high schools, the present situation of teaching historical figures in senior high schools, and puts forward some concrete suggestions on how to further optimize the teaching of historical figures in senior high schools. The paper is divided into three parts, introduction, text and conclusion, in order to provide an effective reference for the teaching activities of senior high school historical figures. From the perspective of history, the teaching of historical figures is an important part of history teaching. Teachers and students should understand the role of people in history and their status and value. Starting from the three-dimensional goals of knowledge and ability, process and method, emotional attitude and values, this paper systematically analyzes the role of students in learning history figures. According to the standard of history curriculum and the requirements of the national unified examination of enrollment in colleges and universities, it is further explained that historical figures play an important role in history teaching. At present, high school history figures teaching has made certain achievements, but there are still many problems. This paper analyzes the current teaching situation of historical figures in senior high school from three aspects: teaching material, teaching method and learning situation. In terms of teaching materials, this paper analyzes the Yuelu version of senior high school history compulsory textbooks, from the historical figures gender, region, category, the era, the textbook description and other aspects of quantitative research. In terms of teaching methods, this paper sampled 25 students from Xi'an No. 11 Middle School, and interviewed many history teachers, such as Guo Fubin and Xu Zicheng, on the teaching content, teaching process and teaching language of historical figures. The teaching effect and other aspects of comparative study. In the aspect of learning, this paper investigates students' interest in learning, attitude of historical figures, after-school reading and knowledge reserve. Through a series of data analysis, summed up the high school historical figures teaching achievements and shortcomings. In view of the problems existing in the teaching of historical figures, this paper puts forward some suggestions. As far as the compilation of teaching materials is concerned, editors should select the contents, open their horizons, and distinguish between them. As far as teacher teaching is concerned, teachers should first fully understand the importance of historical figures and pay attention to the learning needs of students. Secondly, they should adhere to the five major principles of restoring historical scenes, paying attention to the development and changes of historical figures, and grasping the details of historical figures. Using the contrast method, the author has realistic vision, and the third is to optimize the method. This paper enumerates the teaching cases of many history teachers, which can be used for reference. As far as students are concerned, students should try their best to read extensively, think clearly, communicate and communicate with their friends in their study life, and form healthy and positive values of life attitude. This study has important theoretical and practical significance for the practical completion of historical figures teaching tasks and the teaching function of historical figures in high school classroom practice.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.51

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