孔子教学观在高中历史课堂教学中的运用

发布时间：2018-05-30 21:00

本文选题：孔子教学观 + 新课程改革　；参考：《曲阜师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：新课程教育改革正在如火如荼的进行,党的十八大报告会议也对教育领域提出了新的要求。为了改变传统教学中与时代不相适应的部分,每位教育工作者都在努力改变和创新。在寻求创新和改变的同时,我们的眼光除了向外看,更不能忘记中华文明五千年留下的灿烂遗产,而孔子的教育思想正是中国教育领域一个明珠。近年来的历史课堂教学教学效果不是很理想,主要是因为历史教师的教学观与学生对历史课堂教学期待之间的矛盾并未得到很好地解决。面对国家和新课程改革对高中历史课堂教学提出的新要求,本文希望从孔子的教学观中汲取经验运用于历史教学的课堂实践中,增强历史课堂教学的效果。本文是结合自己在教育实习过程中的考察,实践,并且在图书馆资料库搜集整理资料创作完成。关于孔子教学思想的研究有很多,但是大部分仅限于理论的研究分析,本文旨在把孔子的教学观与课堂教学结合,即设计出教学案例,这是本文的创新之处。本文第一部分从孔子教学观的基本概述入手,包括对教学目标、教育对象、教学方法的阐述:在教学目标上孔子在于培养懂得“仁者爱人,克己复礼”的君子,与我们今天对学生在情感与价值观方面的教学目标是一致的,我们不仅要通过历史的课堂教学让学生了解过去的历史,更要让学生从这些过去的历史吸取经验和教训,学会做事,学会做人;在教育对象上,孔子主张有教无类,虽然有阶级局限,但是对我们今天的教育公平仍有很深远的影响,有教无类不仅是要给所有学生都传授历史知识,而且历史教师要关注到每个学生的历史学习;在教育方法上孔子运用因材施教和学思并重的教学方法,也启示历史教师在课堂教学中要关注学生,发挥每个学生特长,启发学生思考历史史实中的前因后果。第二部分对高中历史教学的特点分析,包括教授内容和教授方法的独特性,分析为什么孔子教学观适用于历史课堂教学:历史课堂教学内容丰富,但是并不难掌握,运用孔子的启发式教学方法帮助学生建立枝干分明的知识结构体系在历史学习中尤为重要。第三部分是孔子教学观在历史教学课堂运用的可能性和必要性:新课程改革与孔子教学观理念的趋同提供了运用的可能性,新课程改革下对历史教学提出的新要求又体现孔子教学观在历史课堂中的运用的必要性。第四部分是孔子教学观在历史课堂教学中的具体运用,体现在两个教学案例设计中。
[Abstract]:The reform of the new curriculum education is in full swing. The eighteen Congress of the party also puts forward new demands on the field of education. In order to change the part of the traditional teaching which is not compatible with the times, every educator is trying to change and innovate. While seeking innovation and change, our eyes can not see but look outside. Forget the splendid heritage of Chinese civilization for five thousand years, and Confucius's educational thought is a pearl in the field of Chinese education. In recent years, the teaching effect of history classroom teaching is not very ideal, mainly because the contradiction between the teaching view of the history teacher and the students' expectation of the history classroom teaching has not been well solved. And the new curriculum reform for high school history teaching new requirements, this article hopes to draw lessons from Confucius's teaching view in the history teaching in the classroom practice to enhance the effect of history classroom teaching. This article is combined with his own investigation and practice in the process of educational practice, and collect and organize data in the library database. There are many studies on Confucius's teaching thought, but most of it is limited to theoretical research and analysis. This article aims to combine Confucius's view of teaching with classroom teaching, that is, to design a teaching case. This is the innovation of this article. The first part of this article begins with the basic outline of Confucius's teaching view, including the teaching objectives and the object of education. The teaching method is explained: in the teaching goal, Confucius lies in cultivating the gentleman who knows "the love of the benevolent and the ritual of the ritual". It is consistent with the teaching goals of our students' feelings and values today. We should not only let the students understand the history of the past through the history of classroom teaching, but also let the students draw from these past history. Take experience and lesson, learn to do things, learn to be people; in the object of education, Confucius argues that there is no class, although there are class limitations, but it still has a profound influence on our educational fairness today, not only to teach history knowledge to all students, but also to pay attention to the history of every student; In the method of education, Confucius uses the teaching method of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude and thinking in accordance with the students in accordance with their aptitude. It also inspires the history teachers to pay attention to the students in the classroom teaching, give full play to each student's specialty and inspire the students to think about the historical and historical facts. The second part analyses the characteristics of the history teaching in high school, including the uniqueness of the teaching contents and teaching methods. Why Confucius's teaching view is applicable to history classroom teaching: history classroom teaching is rich in content, but it is not difficult to master. It is particularly important to use Confucius's heuristic teaching method to help students to establish a distinct knowledge structure system in history study. The third part is the possibility and necessity of the use of Confucius's teaching view in the history teaching class. Sex: the convergence of the new curriculum reform and the concept of Confucius's teaching concept provides the possibility of application. The new requirements for history teaching under the new curriculum reform reflect the necessity of the use of Confucius's teaching concept in the history class. The fourth part is the concrete application of Confucius's teaching view in the history classroom teaching, which is embodied in the setting of two teaching cases. In the plan.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.51

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