21世纪以来美国高中STEM课程发展研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 20:18

本文选题：美国 + 高中课程　；参考：《天津师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：为了应对21世纪STEM人才稀缺的难题,美国基础教育阶段的STEM教育与课程改革目前正在进行。上至联邦政府与国会,下至地方的各类非盈利机构纷纷出台相应的法案与研究报告,学区负责人与学校的政策制定者也纷纷响应号召,依据自身的实际情况做出积极的改变。高中生在毕业时需要做好升学与就业的双重准备。因此,为了培养出具有高素质STEM素养的人才,高中阶段开设相应的课程与实施对应的项目就显得必不可少。随着全球化的进一步发展,目前我国也面临着高素质理工科人才的缺失以及高中STEM课程与大学STEM课程衔接不利的问题。从这个意义上来看,研究美国STEM课程的发展历史与分析STEM课程现状,借鉴其经验,总结对我国的STEM课程改革的有益之处,是极有必要的。本文主要分为三大部分：首先,本文回顾了20世纪80年代到21世纪之前的STEM课程理念发展历史,分析了STEM教育发展的时代背景、STEM学科融合的初始以及发展。随后,文章的重点放在了STEM课程在21世纪的发展现状,并对现有的问题进行了分析。内容主要分为两大部分：21世纪美国高中STEM课程现状以及相关的分析。最后,结合美国STEM课程发展的历史与现状,得出了对我国的以下启示：在基础教育阶段增强STEM课程整合理念,吸引优秀生源；高中阶段增加STEM项目,拓展课程实施途径；建立有特色的STEM高中,为STEM课程提供优质环境；大力培养合格的STEM教师,确保STEM课程有效实施。
[Abstract]:In order to deal with the shortage of STEM talents in the 21st century, the STEM education and curriculum reform in the basic education stage of the United States is being carried out at present. From the federal government and Congress to local non-profit organizations have issued corresponding bills and research reports school district leaders and school policy makers have responded to the call to make positive changes according to their actual situation. High school students need to be prepared for both study and employment when they graduate. Therefore, in order to cultivate talents with high quality STEM literacy, it is necessary to open corresponding courses and implement corresponding projects in senior high school. With the further development of globalization, our country is also faced with the lack of high-quality science and engineering talents and the unfavorable connection between STEM courses in senior high schools and STEM courses in universities. From this point of view, it is very necessary to study the history of STEM curriculum development in America, analyze the present situation of STEM curriculum, draw lessons from its experience and sum up the benefits to the reform of STEM curriculum in our country. This paper is divided into three parts: firstly, this paper reviews the history of STEM curriculum concept development from 1980s to 21st century, and analyzes the background of STEM education development and the initial and development of STEM subject integration. Then, the article focuses on the development of STEM curriculum in the 21st century, and analyzes the existing problems. The content is divided into two parts: the current situation and related analysis of STEM curriculum in American high school in the 21 st century. Finally, according to the history and current situation of STEM curriculum development in the United States, the author draws the following revelations to our country: strengthening the idea of STEM curriculum integration in the basic education stage, attracting excellent students, adding STEM projects in senior middle school and expanding the course implementation ways; Set up the characteristic STEM high school, provide the high quality environment for the STEM course, train the qualified STEM teacher energetically, ensure the effective implementation of the STEM course.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G639.712

【参考文献】