化学教学中利用美学要素促进学生记忆效果研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 12:18

本文选题：化学教学 + 化学美学要素　；参考：《西华师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：化学是一门研究物质组成、性质、结构和变化规律的自然学科。其学科特点是知识点多且杂,从“具体”到“抽象”,“宏观”到“微观”,其中涉及化学符号、化学方程式、基本概念、化学反应、实验现象等,造成学生普遍反映化学知识易学难记,记忆量大,缺乏有效的记忆方法。作为一门自然学科,化学与人文学科、艺术等一样,也存在很多的美学要素,如:物质美、结构美、对称美、色彩美、动态美、实验美、人文美、实感美、变化美等,这些美都是人类对化学世界认识的结果。鉴于化学学科的特点,本研究在查阅、分析大量文献的基础上,发现目前关于促进学生记忆的研究很多,但利用化学中的美学要素促进学生记忆的研究却少之又少。本研究将结合教育学、心理学等相关知识,将化学中的美学要素与记忆联合起来进行研究。试图探究在化学教学中利用美学要素促进学生记忆效果的可行性和有效性,以期为本研究提供实践依据,同时培养学生感受美、发现美和创造美的能力。本研究首先向中学化学教师和学生发放调查问卷,并与其交流,了解他们在教和学的过程中认识化学中的美学要素、利用化学中的美学要素进行教学和记忆的情况,确定研究的必要性。再结合化学中的各美学要素的特点和学生的心理,参照一些优秀案例,归纳、整理、设计出三个教学案例,以提高学生的学习兴趣,促进学生对知识的记忆。最后再在实际的化学教学中进行实践,实践效果采用学生的考试成绩和学习兴趣来衡量。本研究共进行了三次实践,实验对象分别是南充市卫生学校2014级护理3班(对照班)和护理4班(实验班)的部分学生;南充高级中学2012级理科班龙姝帆同学;南充市第九中学2011级理科班雷雅洁同学。通过实验表明,实验后南充市卫生学校护理4班(实验班)的化学测试成绩与护理3班(对照班)的化学测试成绩出现了显著性差异,实验班优于对照班;南充高级中学龙姝帆同学实验后学习兴趣、课堂参与度、课堂注意力等优于实验前;南充市第九中学雷雅洁同学实验后的化学成绩明显提高。因此,在化学教学中利用美学要素有利于提高学生的学习兴趣,有利于学生对知识的学习和记忆。
[Abstract]:Chemistry is a natural discipline that studies the composition, properties, structure and laws of change of matter. It is characterized by a variety of knowledge points, ranging from "concrete" to "abstract", "macro" to "micro", involving chemical symbols, chemical equations, basic concepts, chemical reactions, experimental phenomena, etc. As a result, students generally reflect that chemical knowledge is easy to learn and difficult to memorize, with a large amount of memory and a lack of effective memory methods. As a natural subject, chemistry, humanities, art, and so on, there are many aesthetic elements, such as: material beauty, structural beauty, symmetry beauty, color beauty, dynamic beauty, experimental beauty, humanistic beauty, reality beauty, change beauty, etc. These beauties are the result of man's understanding of the world of chemistry. In view of the characteristics of chemistry, based on the review and analysis of a large number of literatures, it is found that there are a lot of researches on how to promote students' memory, but there are few researches on how to promote students' memory by using the aesthetic elements in chemistry. This study will combine the knowledge of pedagogy and psychology and combine the aesthetic elements of chemistry with memory. This paper attempts to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of using aesthetic elements to promote students' memory effect in chemistry teaching, in order to provide practical basis for this study and to cultivate students' ability to feel beauty, discover beauty and create beauty. In this study, we first sent out questionnaires to middle school chemistry teachers and students, and communicated with them to understand the aesthetic elements of chemistry in the process of teaching and learning, and to make use of the aesthetic elements in chemistry to teach and remember. Determine the need for research. Combined with the characteristics of the aesthetic elements in chemistry and the students' psychology, three teaching cases are summarized, arranged and designed with reference to some excellent cases, in order to improve students' interest in learning and promote students' memory of knowledge. Finally, practice is carried out in practical chemistry teaching. The practical effect is measured by students' test scores and learning interests. The subjects of this study are some students in Class 2014 Nursing Class 3 (Control Class) and Class 4 Nursing Class (Experimental Class) in Nanchong Health School, and the students in Shufan Class, Grade 2012 of Nanchong High School. Nanchong City No. 9 Middle School 2011 science class Lei Yajie students. The experimental results showed that there was significant difference between the chemical test scores of the four nursing classes in Nanchong health school and the three nursing classes (control class) after the experiment, and the experimental class was superior to the control class. Nanchong Senior Middle School Longshufan students after the study interest, class participation, classroom attention better than before the experiment; Nanchong City No. 9 Middle School Reyajie students after the experiment of chemical results improved significantly. Therefore, the use of aesthetic elements in chemistry teaching is conducive to enhancing students' interest in learning and memorizing knowledge.
【学位授予单位】：西华师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.8

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