宁夏义务教育阶段教师性别结构变化及影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 20:10

本文选题：义务教育 + 教师结构　；参考：《宁夏社会科学》2017年03期

【摘要】：由于多种因素之影响,教师性别比例失衡特别是中小学教师性别比例失衡,是世界性问题。在我国,因经济形式多样化而导致就业、择业观的多样化,现阶段教师性别失衡问题不断凸显。统计分析显示,全国义务教育阶段中小学教师性别比例失衡问题近年来日渐凸显,且有逐年上升态势。通过对2003—2015年宁夏全区、平罗等抽样县义务教育阶段教师性别结构比例变化情况统计分析,可明显看出现阶段教师"女性化"特征趋于明显:随着教师总数的变化,专任女教师数在教师总数中的占比呈逐年上升趋势,并与这一教育阶段专任男教师的占比形成鲜明对比。在实证研究基础上,笔者还进而对2017—2022年宁夏全区、平罗等抽样县及全国义务教育阶段学校专任男女教师数量变化加以预测分析,可看出如在总教师数不变的前提下,按现有女教师增长速率,在未来一段时期内专任女教师还将呈继续逐年递增趋势,占比也逐年上升。数据统计分析表明,在义务教育阶段教师性别结构已有的明显失衡与将有的严重失衡,无疑对义务教育均衡发展与质量提高提出了新的挑战。要有效应对这一挑战,就要以有力有效的公共政策来合理调控教师性别结构的失衡,推动义务教育向更高水平发展。
[Abstract]:Due to the influence of many factors, the imbalance of teacher gender ratio, especially in primary and secondary schools, is a worldwide problem. In China, the diversification of economic forms leads to the diversity of employment and job selection, and the gender imbalance of teachers is becoming more and more prominent at the present stage. The statistical analysis shows that the gender imbalance of primary and secondary school teachers in the compulsory education stage in China has become increasingly prominent in recent years and has a rising trend year by year. Through the statistical analysis of the sex structure of teachers in the compulsory education stage of the sampling counties of Ningxia from 2003 to 2015, it is obvious that the characteristics of "feminization" of teachers tend to be obvious at the present stage: with the change of the total number of teachers, The proportion of full-time female teachers in the total number of teachers is rising year by year, and the proportion of full-time male teachers in this stage of education is in sharp contrast. On the basis of empirical research, the author also predicts and analyzes the changes of the number of full-time male and female teachers in schools in Ningxia, Pingluo and other sampling counties in 2017-2022. It can be seen that if the total number of teachers remains unchanged, According to the current female teacher growth rate, full-time female teachers will continue to increase year by year in the coming period, and the proportion of female teachers will also increase year by year. The statistical analysis shows that the obvious and serious imbalance of teachers' gender structure in compulsory education undoubtedly poses a new challenge to the balanced development and quality improvement of compulsory education. In order to effectively meet this challenge, it is necessary to rationally regulate the imbalance of teachers' gender structure with effective public policies and promote the development of compulsory education to a higher level.
【作者单位】：宁夏大学附属中学;宁夏大学;
【分类号】：G635.1

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