高中地理概念学习障碍研究
发布时间：2018-07-15 22:43
【摘要】：地理概念作为概念的一个子系统,是概念体系的一个重要组成部分。它是关于地理事物、地理现象、地理过程等的本质属性和特征的抽象概括,既是地理学科知识体系中最基本的构成元素,也是地理思维的基本单位。因此,对地理概念的学习和掌握既是学生认识各种地理事物的基础、区分不同地理事物的依据,也是学习地理原理性知识的前提,更是培养抽象思维能力的重要过程和方法。地理概念的学习,是在教师的引导下学生获得和掌握概念的学习过程,是系统学习地理知识、培养地理抽象思维能力的重要环节和基础。而在实际的地理教学中,地理概念的教学过程中的各种因素导致了学生在学习地理概念时往往出现各种障碍,难以建构地理概念体系,从而难以实现地理系统知识和原理的迁移与运用。因此,以学生为主体,发现高中地理概念学习中的各种学习障碍及因素,从各个方面有针对性地找出突破这些障碍因素的实用方法对地理教学意义重大。在汲取前人研究成果的基础上,本文坚持以教育学和心理学的基础理论为科学指导,并结合高中地理概念教学的实际,综合运用文献研究法、访谈法、问卷调查法、逻辑分析法、经验总结法等多种研究方法和途径,对高中地理概念的学习障碍进行研究。从认知发展方面论述了高中阶段地理概念学习对于系统学习地理知识、培养学生思维能力的重大意义,结合已有成果概述了地理概念的界定、分类与特点等。问卷调查部分是在深入江苏、安徽等学校地理教学的一线进行的,目的在于发现现实中学生对于地理概念的学习存在的主要困难和障碍因素,为有针对性研究和提出解决方法提供实际依据。文中结合前人理论成果、访谈结果、问卷调查结果和个人的经验和逻辑反思,将高中地理概念的学习障碍进行了归纳和总结,并主要从教师和学生的两个主要的现实角度,针对每一种障碍产生的影响因素对克服障碍的方法进行了探讨。
[Abstract]:As a subsystem of concept, geographical concept is an important part of conceptual system. It is an abstract summary of the essential attributes and characteristics of geographical things, geographical phenomena, geographical processes, etc. It is not only the most basic constituent element in the knowledge system of geography discipline, but also the basic unit of geographical thinking. Therefore, learning and mastering the concept of geography is not only the basis of students' understanding of various geographical things, the basis of distinguishing different geographical things, but also the premise of learning the knowledge of geographical principles, as well as the important process and method of cultivating abstract thinking ability. The study of geographical concept is the learning process for students to acquire and master concepts under the guidance of teachers. It is an important link and foundation for systematically learning geographical knowledge and cultivating the ability of geography abstract thinking. However, in the actual geography teaching, various factors in the process of geography concept teaching often lead to various obstacles when students learn geography concept, so it is difficult to construct the geography concept system. Therefore, it is difficult to transfer and apply the knowledge and principles of geographic system. Therefore, taking the students as the main body, find out all kinds of learning obstacles and factors in the study of geography concept in senior high school, and find out the practical method to break through these obstacles from various aspects is of great significance to geography teaching. On the basis of the previous research results, this paper insists on taking the basic theories of pedagogy and psychology as the scientific guidance, and combining with the practice of geography concept teaching in senior high school, synthetically applies the methods of literature research, interview, questionnaire, etc. Logic analysis method, experience summary method and other research methods and ways to study the high school geography concept learning disability. From the aspect of cognitive development, this paper discusses the great significance of geography concept learning in senior high school for the systematic study of geography knowledge and the cultivation of students' thinking ability, and summarizes the definition, classification and characteristics of geographical concepts in combination with the existing achievements. Part of the questionnaire is carried out in Jiangsu, Anhui and other schools. The purpose of the questionnaire is to find out the main difficulties and obstacles in the study of geography concept in middle school students. It provides practical basis for research and solution. Combined with previous theoretical results, interview results, questionnaire survey results and personal experience and logical reflection, this paper sums up and summarizes the learning obstacles of geography concept in senior high school, and mainly from the two major practical perspectives of teachers and students. The methods of overcoming each obstacle are discussed according to the influencing factors of each obstacle.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.55
本文编号：2125616
[Abstract]:As a subsystem of concept, geographical concept is an important part of conceptual system. It is an abstract summary of the essential attributes and characteristics of geographical things, geographical phenomena, geographical processes, etc. It is not only the most basic constituent element in the knowledge system of geography discipline, but also the basic unit of geographical thinking. Therefore, learning and mastering the concept of geography is not only the basis of students' understanding of various geographical things, the basis of distinguishing different geographical things, but also the premise of learning the knowledge of geographical principles, as well as the important process and method of cultivating abstract thinking ability. The study of geographical concept is the learning process for students to acquire and master concepts under the guidance of teachers. It is an important link and foundation for systematically learning geographical knowledge and cultivating the ability of geography abstract thinking. However, in the actual geography teaching, various factors in the process of geography concept teaching often lead to various obstacles when students learn geography concept, so it is difficult to construct the geography concept system. Therefore, it is difficult to transfer and apply the knowledge and principles of geographic system. Therefore, taking the students as the main body, find out all kinds of learning obstacles and factors in the study of geography concept in senior high school, and find out the practical method to break through these obstacles from various aspects is of great significance to geography teaching. On the basis of the previous research results, this paper insists on taking the basic theories of pedagogy and psychology as the scientific guidance, and combining with the practice of geography concept teaching in senior high school, synthetically applies the methods of literature research, interview, questionnaire, etc. Logic analysis method, experience summary method and other research methods and ways to study the high school geography concept learning disability. From the aspect of cognitive development, this paper discusses the great significance of geography concept learning in senior high school for the systematic study of geography knowledge and the cultivation of students' thinking ability, and summarizes the definition, classification and characteristics of geographical concepts in combination with the existing achievements. Part of the questionnaire is carried out in Jiangsu, Anhui and other schools. The purpose of the questionnaire is to find out the main difficulties and obstacles in the study of geography concept in middle school students. It provides practical basis for research and solution. Combined with previous theoretical results, interview results, questionnaire survey results and personal experience and logical reflection, this paper sums up and summarizes the learning obstacles of geography concept in senior high school, and mainly from the two major practical perspectives of teachers and students. The methods of overcoming each obstacle are discussed according to the influencing factors of each obstacle.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.55
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