初中生地理学习中心理地图的构建研究

发布时间：2018-07-26 12:52

【摘要】：心理地图(mental map)是相关地理信息在人脑中的反映,构建心理地图是有效促进地理学习的重要途径。研究初中阶段学生构建心理地图的过程有助于了解学生学习地图的详细的心理过程,这将为教师选择优化地图教学策略提供重要参考。文章首先采用文献法,对国内外心理地图的相关研究现状和最新进展进行了归纳分析和梳理总结。其次,采用手绘简图作为测量工具,对兰州市H中学75名学生的心理地图构建能力进行了测量研究。最后,将这些学生分为普通班和实验班进行了实验研究,对两个班级的教学效果采用均数统计后进行了比较研究。研究有以下几点发现:(1)采用构建心理地图方式进行学习的实验班的学习效果要明显优于普通班;(2)构建心理地图方式进行学习有助于激发学生的地理学习兴趣;(3)绘图训练能够有效提高学生构建心理地图的能力;(4)变换地图的呈现方式能够帮助基础薄弱的学生提高学习效果。基于以上研究发现,文章为在初中生地理学习中的如何构建心理地图提出了以下三项具体建议:(1)加强学生的空间知觉能力的训练;(2)培养学生绘制简图的地理学习方法;(3)引导学生学会变换地图的呈现方式。
[Abstract]:Mental map (mental map) is the reflection of relevant geographic information in human brain, and the construction of mental map is an important way to promote geography learning effectively. Studying the process of constructing mental map in junior middle school is helpful to understand the detailed psychological process of learning map, which will provide an important reference for teachers to choose and optimize map teaching strategy. In this paper, firstly, literature method is used to summarize and summarize the research status and latest progress of psychological map at home and abroad. Secondly, 75 students of Lanzhou H Middle School were measured and studied by using hand-drawn schematic diagram as a measuring tool. Finally, the students are divided into general class and experimental class, and the teaching effect of the two classes is compared by means of statistics. The results of the study are as follows: (1) the learning effect of the experimental class with mental map construction is obviously better than that of the ordinary class; (2) the learning by constructing the mental map is helpful to stimulate the students' interest in geography learning; (3) drawing is helpful to stimulate the students' interest in geography learning. Map training can effectively improve the ability of students to construct mental maps; (4) the presentation of transformed maps can help students with weak foundation to improve their learning effect. Based on the findings of the above study, This paper puts forward the following three specific suggestions for the construction of mental map in the geography study of junior high school students: (1) to strengthen the training of students' spatial perception ability; (2) to train the students' geographical learning method of drawing schematic map; (3) to guide the students to learn how to learn. Change the presentation of the map.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.55

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