高中地理科学方法教育现状及优化策略研究
发布时间：2018-07-26 19:13
【摘要】：科学方法教育是提高学生科学素养的重要途径。随着高中新课程改革的不断推进,科学方法教育在基础教育中的地位不断提升。2003年4月教育部颁发的《全日制普通高中地理课程标准(实验稿)》将“过程与方法”设为三维课程目标之一,并作为地理课程的关键目标,并在评价建议中做出明确要求,表明地理科学方法教育在地理教学中处于重要地位。然而,目前国内对于地理科学方法教育的研究是相对欠缺的,因此,持续关注和深入探讨地理学科科学方法教育相关问题是十分迫切和必要的。论文通过借鉴国内外科学方法教育的相关研究成果,在明确地理科学方法教育基本概念和内涵的基础上,以建构主义理论、认知学习理论、体验式学习理论和多元智能理论为理论依据,以南宁市四所不同层次普通高中的学生为研究对象,采用定性分析与定量分析相结合的方式对普通高中的地理科学方法教育的认识、学习现状、有效途径、存在问题和影响因素进行了分析与研究。论文采取问卷的形式,对南宁市四所高中的教师和学生进行调查,分别是南宁一中、南宁二中、南宁九中和南宁十三中,问卷发放涵盖了高中三个年级,发放学生问卷1200份,收回有效问卷1075份;发放教师问卷48份,收回有效问卷40份。根据学生问卷调查分析,结论主要包括:学生认识到了地理科学方法教育的重要性,但在学习过程中并未重视对地理科学方法的学习;学生普遍对地理归纳法掌握得相对较好,对地理实验法、地理观察法、地理演绎法的掌握有待加强;根据具体地理内容选择适当科学方法的能力欠缺;学生主要通过教师直接讲授和习题练习来学习地理科学方法,课外活动、研究性学习开展较少,地理科学方法的学习途径有待拓宽;多数学生希望增强师生互动,共同学习地理科学方法。根据教师问卷调查分析,结论主要包括:教师认识到了地理科学方法教育的重要性,但自身科学方法教育水平有待提高;目前的教师培训有关科学方法教育相关内容较为欠缺;在实际教学中地理科学方法教育并未得到有效开展;地理科学方法教育总体情况并不理想;阻碍教师进行科学方法教育的原因包括:教学策略欠缺、重视不足、教师团队欠缺、学生基础薄弱等。针对地理教学过程中科学方法教育存在的主要问题,提出优化普通高中地理科学方法教育的策略:构建地理科学方法教育的目标体系;丰富地理科学方法教育的内容;深化学生对地理科学方法价值的认识;强化学生对地理科学方法的运用能力;加强教师有关科学方法的职前、职后培训。
[Abstract]:Scientific method education is an important way to improve students' scientific literacy. With the development of the new curriculum reform in senior high school, The status of scientific method education in basic education is increasing. In April 2003, the National Geography Curriculum Standard (Experimental draft) issued by the Ministry of Education set "process and method" as one of the three dimensional curriculum objectives. As the key goal of geography course and the clear request in the evaluation suggestion, it shows that the education of geography science method plays an important role in geography teaching. However, the current domestic research on the education of geographical scientific methods is relatively lacking. Therefore, it is very urgent and necessary to continuously pay attention to and deeply explore the related problems in the education of scientific methods of geography. On the basis of defining the basic concepts and connotations of scientific method education in geography, the thesis uses constructivism theory and cognitive learning theory as the basis for reference to the relevant research results of scientific method education at home and abroad. On the basis of experiential learning theory and multiple intelligences theory, the students of four different levels of senior high schools in Nanning City are taken as the research objects. By combining qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, this paper analyzes and studies the understanding, learning status, effective ways, existing problems and influencing factors of geography scientific method education in ordinary senior high schools. The paper takes the form of questionnaire to investigate the teachers and students of four senior high schools in Nanning. They are Nanning No. 1 Middle School, Nanning No. 2 Middle School, Nanning No. 9 Middle School and Nanning No. 13 Middle School. The questionnaire distribution covers three grades of senior middle school and 1200 student questionnaires. 1075 valid questionnaires were collected, 48 teacher questionnaires were distributed and 40 valid questionnaires were collected. According to the questionnaire survey, the main conclusions are as follows: the students realized the importance of the education of geographical scientific methods, but did not pay attention to the study of the methods of geography science in the process of study, and the students generally had a relatively good grasp of the method of geography induction. The methods of geography experiment, geography observation and geography deduction need to be strengthened; the ability to choose appropriate scientific methods according to the specific geographical content is lacking; the students mainly study geography scientific methods through teachers' direct teaching and exercise exercises. Extracurricular activities, research-based learning to carry out less, geographical science methods to broaden the way to learn; most students want to enhance the interaction between teachers and students, learning geography scientific methods together. According to the questionnaire survey of teachers, the main conclusions are as follows: the teachers have realized the importance of the education of geographical scientific methods, but the educational level of their own scientific methods needs to be improved; In the actual teaching, the education of geography scientific method has not been carried out effectively; the overall situation of geography science method education is not ideal; the reasons that hinder teachers from carrying out scientific method education include: lack of teaching strategy, insufficient attention, lack of teachers' team, The student base is weak, etc. In view of the main problems existing in the education of scientific methods in the process of geography teaching, this paper puts forward some strategies to optimize the education of scientific methods of geography in senior high schools: to construct the target system of the education of methods of geography science, to enrich the contents of education of methods of geography science; To deepen students' understanding of the value of geographical scientific methods, to strengthen students' ability to use them, and to strengthen teachers' pre-service and post-service training on scientific methods.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.55
本文编号：2147018
[Abstract]:Scientific method education is an important way to improve students' scientific literacy. With the development of the new curriculum reform in senior high school, The status of scientific method education in basic education is increasing. In April 2003, the National Geography Curriculum Standard (Experimental draft) issued by the Ministry of Education set "process and method" as one of the three dimensional curriculum objectives. As the key goal of geography course and the clear request in the evaluation suggestion, it shows that the education of geography science method plays an important role in geography teaching. However, the current domestic research on the education of geographical scientific methods is relatively lacking. Therefore, it is very urgent and necessary to continuously pay attention to and deeply explore the related problems in the education of scientific methods of geography. On the basis of defining the basic concepts and connotations of scientific method education in geography, the thesis uses constructivism theory and cognitive learning theory as the basis for reference to the relevant research results of scientific method education at home and abroad. On the basis of experiential learning theory and multiple intelligences theory, the students of four different levels of senior high schools in Nanning City are taken as the research objects. By combining qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, this paper analyzes and studies the understanding, learning status, effective ways, existing problems and influencing factors of geography scientific method education in ordinary senior high schools. The paper takes the form of questionnaire to investigate the teachers and students of four senior high schools in Nanning. They are Nanning No. 1 Middle School, Nanning No. 2 Middle School, Nanning No. 9 Middle School and Nanning No. 13 Middle School. The questionnaire distribution covers three grades of senior middle school and 1200 student questionnaires. 1075 valid questionnaires were collected, 48 teacher questionnaires were distributed and 40 valid questionnaires were collected. According to the questionnaire survey, the main conclusions are as follows: the students realized the importance of the education of geographical scientific methods, but did not pay attention to the study of the methods of geography science in the process of study, and the students generally had a relatively good grasp of the method of geography induction. The methods of geography experiment, geography observation and geography deduction need to be strengthened; the ability to choose appropriate scientific methods according to the specific geographical content is lacking; the students mainly study geography scientific methods through teachers' direct teaching and exercise exercises. Extracurricular activities, research-based learning to carry out less, geographical science methods to broaden the way to learn; most students want to enhance the interaction between teachers and students, learning geography scientific methods together. According to the questionnaire survey of teachers, the main conclusions are as follows: the teachers have realized the importance of the education of geographical scientific methods, but the educational level of their own scientific methods needs to be improved; In the actual teaching, the education of geography scientific method has not been carried out effectively; the overall situation of geography science method education is not ideal; the reasons that hinder teachers from carrying out scientific method education include: lack of teaching strategy, insufficient attention, lack of teachers' team, The student base is weak, etc. In view of the main problems existing in the education of scientific methods in the process of geography teaching, this paper puts forward some strategies to optimize the education of scientific methods of geography in senior high schools: to construct the target system of the education of methods of geography science, to enrich the contents of education of methods of geography science; To deepen students' understanding of the value of geographical scientific methods, to strengthen students' ability to use them, and to strengthen teachers' pre-service and post-service training on scientific methods.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.55
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