初中物理力学前概念调查
发布时间：2018-08-06 11:30
【摘要】：概念是物理学科的基石,是学生学习的保障,物理概念的掌握对学生而言极其重要。本文以广西壮族自治区南宁市四所中学共474名初一学生作为研究对象,采用自主设计的开放性问卷作为调查工具。调查学生在没有系统的进行物理学科学习之前,关于物理力学中重力、弹力、摩擦力等概念的前概念。同时,分析学生的背景因素如性别、文理科意向、父母受教育情况、是否去过科技馆等因素对前概念的影响。结果如下：(1)总的来说,学生对各概念的错误认知较多。(2)相关知识要点清晰,但对物理现象的解释不乐观。(3)学生在前概念形成的影响因素中,性别、文理分科意向、父母文化程度的影响无明显差异。(4)家庭教育对学生较正确前概念有着明显的影响,家庭居住地在城市的学生、父母文化程度较高、去过科技馆的学生具有较正确前概念。(5)学生对重力概念、摩擦力概念认知情况较好,具有较正确前概念的人数分别为67%和33%。(6)学生对弹力概念、力的作用是相互的、力的作用效果的概念认知较差,具有较正确前概念的人数分别7%、5%和0.6%。本研究结果可丰富力学前概念的理论研究,还可为一线教师了解学生前概念情况和改进教育观念和教学设计提供参考。
[Abstract]:Concept is the cornerstone of physics and the guarantee of students' study. It is very important for students to master the concept of physics. In this paper, 474 junior high school students in four middle schools in Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region, were chosen as the research objects, and the self-designed open questionnaire was used as the investigation tool. This paper investigates the preconceptions of the concepts of gravity, elasticity, friction and so on before the students study physics systematically. At the same time, it analyzes the influence of background factors such as gender, intention of arts and science, parents' education and whether they have been to science and technology museum. The results are as follows: (1) in general, students have more misconceptions about each concept. (2) the relevant knowledge points are clear, but the explanation of physical phenomena is not optimistic. There was no significant difference in the influence of parents' educational level. (4) Family education had a significant influence on the students' correct pre-concept, and the students whose families lived in the city had a higher level of education. Students who have been to the Science and Technology Museum have a more correct pre-concept. (5) students have a better understanding of the concept of gravity and friction, and the number of students with a more correct pre-concept is 67% and 33.3% respectively. (6) the effect of force on the concept of elastic force is mutual. The cognition of the concept of the effect of force is poor, and the number of people with correct pre-concept is 75% and 0.6%, respectively. The results of this study can enrich the theoretical study of mechanical pre-concept and provide reference for first-line teachers to understand the situation of students' pre-concept and to improve educational concept and teaching design.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.7
本文编号：2167602
[Abstract]:Concept is the cornerstone of physics and the guarantee of students' study. It is very important for students to master the concept of physics. In this paper, 474 junior high school students in four middle schools in Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region, were chosen as the research objects, and the self-designed open questionnaire was used as the investigation tool. This paper investigates the preconceptions of the concepts of gravity, elasticity, friction and so on before the students study physics systematically. At the same time, it analyzes the influence of background factors such as gender, intention of arts and science, parents' education and whether they have been to science and technology museum. The results are as follows: (1) in general, students have more misconceptions about each concept. (2) the relevant knowledge points are clear, but the explanation of physical phenomena is not optimistic. There was no significant difference in the influence of parents' educational level. (4) Family education had a significant influence on the students' correct pre-concept, and the students whose families lived in the city had a higher level of education. Students who have been to the Science and Technology Museum have a more correct pre-concept. (5) students have a better understanding of the concept of gravity and friction, and the number of students with a more correct pre-concept is 67% and 33.3% respectively. (6) the effect of force on the concept of elastic force is mutual. The cognition of the concept of the effect of force is poor, and the number of people with correct pre-concept is 75% and 0.6%, respectively. The results of this study can enrich the theoretical study of mechanical pre-concept and provide reference for first-line teachers to understand the situation of students' pre-concept and to improve educational concept and teaching design.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.7
【共引文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 梁雷;韩阳丹;方雨晴;;近十年初中力学前概念调查研究综述[J];时代教育;2015年17期
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 乔通;“运动与相互作用”主题中的重要概念及其学习进阶研究[D];西南大学;2015年
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