“1215”导学互动教学模式在高中生物教学中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-08-13 18:10

【摘要】：新课改要求改变课程过于注重知识传授的倾向,强调以学生为本,使其形成积极主动的学习态度。学生在课堂上的学习除了获得基础知识和基本技能外,同时也要学会学习并形成正确的价值观。传统的“注入式”“填鸭式”讲授式教学模式已不再能满足新课改对教师及学生要求。我们每一位奋斗在教育第一线的生物教师都将面临这样一个问题——课时紧张,内容繁多,要求我们在有限的时间内,不仅要将课本上的理论知识传授给学生,达到知识目标,而且要加强对其情感技能和学习能力的培养。所以,改变传统的教学模式,深化课程改革,创建高效生物课堂迫在眉睫。“1215”导学互动教学模式的提出,改变了教师为主导,学生只能被动接受、教师拼命讲,学生拼命记的课堂现象。“1215”导学互动教学是以导学结合和互动探究为特征的教学体系,基本理念是“变教为导,以导促学,学思结合,导学互动”。其中“1215”是指以导学案为提纲,将一个课时划分为三个时间段:1.自学导纲阶段(约10分钟);2.合作互动和导学归纳阶段(约20分钟);3.反馈训练阶段(约15分钟)。以导学案为中心来组织课堂教学活动,使整个课堂“有法可依”,学生明确知道课堂学习目标和重难点,并对课堂组织程序一目了然,导学案是一切课堂活动的出发点和归宿。而课时的划分可以将知识以课时为单位系统化和结构化,通过对一节课四十五分钟的合理分配实现对课堂的有效控制,实现课程的知识目标,能力目标和情感目标,充分落实了学生的主体地位,激发学生的学习兴趣,挖掘学生的潜力,更符合新课改“自主,合作,探究”的新课程理念。为改变当前课堂教法陈旧,课堂效率不高的现象,积极响应新课改的号召,深化课堂教学改革,提高教学质量,我们结合高中生物学习的特点,进行了“1215”导学互动教学模式在高中生物课堂中的应用研究。本文主要采用了文献法,实验法和问卷调查法,探究在高中生物教学过程中,导学案的编写方法、原则,针对不同生物课课型给出了相应的导学案设计案例;“1215”导学互动模式基本理念,在生物课堂上的教学程序及实施过程中应注意的问题。结果表明:该模式的合理运用可有效地培养学生的自主学习能力,提高探究性学习能力,开发创新性思维能力和锻炼小组合作学习能力等,大多数的学生更喜欢新的教学模式,并且对“1215”导学互动教学模式能较快的适应,激发其对II生物课堂的兴趣,提高其学习效率,并在一定程度上提高学生的学习成绩。因此,“1215”导学互动教学模式在高中生物教学中的应用是具有一定成效的,可以为课程改革进一步深入提供可行性参考。
[Abstract]:The new curriculum reform requires changing the tendency of paying too much attention to the teaching of knowledge, emphasizing student-oriented, and making it form an active learning attitude. In addition to acquiring basic knowledge and skills, students should also learn to learn and form correct values. The traditional "injection" and "spoon-feeding" teaching mode can no longer meet the requirements of teachers and students in the new curriculum reform. Every biology teacher who is struggling in the front line of education will be faced with the problem of intense class hours and various contents, which requires us not only to pass on the theoretical knowledge from textbooks to the students in a limited time, but also to achieve the goal of knowledge. Moreover, we should strengthen the cultivation of their emotional skills and learning ability. Therefore, it is urgent to change the traditional teaching mode, deepen the curriculum reform, and create a highly efficient biology classroom. The proposal of "1215" interactive teaching model for guiding learning has changed the teacher-led mode, students can only passively accept it, and teachers speak desperately. The interactive teaching of "1215" is a teaching system characterized by the combination of guidance and learning and interactive inquiry, and the basic idea is "changing teaching into guidance, promoting learning by guidance, combining learning with thought, and interaction between guidance and learning". "1215" refers to the guide case as the outline, a class time divided into three time periods: 1. Self-directed stage (about 10 minutes). Cooperative interaction and induction phase (about 20 minutes). Feedback training phase (about 15 minutes). Taking the guide case as the center to organize the classroom teaching activities, so that the whole classroom "has the law to follow", the student knows clearly the classroom study goal and the heavy difficulty, and knows at a glance to the classroom organization procedure, guided the study plan is the starting point and the end result of all the classroom activities. The division of class hours can systematize and structurize the knowledge based on the class hours, and realize the effective control of the class through the reasonable allocation of 45 minutes of a class, and realize the knowledge goal, the ability goal and the emotional goal of the course. It fully implements the main position of students, stimulates their interest in learning, excavates their potential, and conforms to the new curriculum concept of "independence, cooperation and inquiry" in the new curriculum reform. In order to change the phenomenon that the current classroom teaching method is obsolete and the classroom efficiency is not high, we should respond positively to the call of the new curriculum reform, deepen the classroom teaching reform and improve the teaching quality. This paper studies the application of "1215" interactive teaching model in senior high school biology classroom. This article mainly adopts the literature method, the experimental method and the questionnaire method, explores the writing method and principle of guiding case in the course of biology teaching in senior high school, and gives the corresponding design case of guiding case for different biology lesson. The basic idea of the "1215" interactive model of guidance and learning, the teaching procedure and the problems to be paid attention to in the process of implementation in biology classroom. The results show that the reasonable application of this model can effectively cultivate students' autonomous learning ability, improve their inquiring learning ability, develop innovative thinking ability and exercise team cooperative learning ability, and most students prefer the new teaching model. Moreover, the interactive teaching mode of "1215" can adapt quickly, stimulate its interest in II biology class, improve its learning efficiency, and improve the students' academic achievement to a certain extent. Therefore, the application of "1215" interactive teaching mode in biology teaching in senior high school is effective, which can provide a feasible reference for curriculum reform.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.91

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