表现性评价在中学生物教学中的应用

发布时间：2018-10-29 19:51

【摘要】：评价,作为教学过程的关键环节之一,是教师用来调控教学过程的重要手段。本文从教学评价改革的角度出发,将目前热门的评价方式——表现性评价引入中学生物教学领域,尝试着从理论和实践两个方面进行研究。本文从两个方面对表现性评价在中学生物教学中的应用进行了研究:第一,表现性评价在中学生物教学中应用的可行性。本文从表现性评价的特点和生物学科自身的特点两个方面对表现性评价是否可以应用于中学生物教学领域进行了理论论证;第二,表现性评价在中学生物教学中的实践。本文对表现性评价在中学生物教学方面的应用进行了实践,开发了表现性评价研究的“课程目标—学习目标—表现性任务—评分规则”四个步骤的“四步骤评价法”,并在每一个步骤上都进行了实践,为表现性评价的应用提供了技术手段。表现性评价在中学生物教学中的应用实践表明,表现性评价能针对多个要素同时评价,并能分析出优、缺点,为学生的进一步发展提供科学的指导,能客服传统的评价方式“过分注重量化评价”、“评价结果有片面性”等明显的弊端。但在表现性评价实践中,也面临一些困难,如在制定评价指标体系时如何分配教师评价、小组互评、学生自评之间的权重;在中学生物教学实践中,如何保证有效地使用表现性评价,如何保证表现性评价的公平、公正等,笔者尝试对上述问题给出几点对策和建议:1、评价过程中要重视学生的主体性,鼓励自我评价、自我调整,从而获得全面发展。2、评价实施过程中,教师应当确保评价标准统一,以体现表现性评价的公平、公正。教育的最终目的是培养全面型人才,表现性评价的引入能够明显改善当前的教育弊端,促进学生的全面发展。因此,表现性评价的实施不仅可行,而且必要。
[Abstract]:Evaluation, as one of the key links in the teaching process, is an important means for teachers to regulate the teaching process. From the angle of teaching evaluation reform, this paper introduces the popular evaluation method-performance evaluation into the field of biology teaching in middle school, and tries to study it from two aspects: theory and practice. This paper studies the application of expressiveness evaluation in biology teaching in middle school from two aspects: first, the feasibility of the application of performance evaluation in biology teaching in middle school. This paper discusses whether the performance evaluation can be applied in the field of biology teaching in middle school from two aspects: the characteristics of performance evaluation and the characteristics of biology discipline. Secondly, the practice of performance evaluation in biology teaching in middle school. In this paper, the application of expressiveness evaluation in biology teaching in middle school is put into practice, and the four-step evaluation method of "curriculum goal-learning-goal-performance task-scoring rule" is developed for the study of expressiveness evaluation. Practice is carried out in each step, which provides the technical means for the application of performance evaluation. The application of expressiveness evaluation in biology teaching in middle school shows that the performance evaluation can be used to evaluate several elements simultaneously, and it can analyze the advantages and disadvantages, and provide scientific guidance for the further development of students. The traditional evaluation method of customer service "pays too much attention to quantitative evaluation" and "the evaluation result has one-sidedness" and so on obvious malpractice. However, in the practice of performance evaluation, there are also some difficulties, such as how to allocate the weight of teacher evaluation, group evaluation and student self-assessment when making evaluation index system; In the practice of biology teaching in middle school, how to ensure the effective use of expressiveness evaluation, how to ensure the fairness and fairness of expressiveness evaluation, etc., the author tries to give some countermeasures and suggestions to the above problems: 1. In the process of evaluation, we should pay attention to students' subjectivity, encourage self-evaluation and self-adjustment, and obtain all-round development. 2. In the process of evaluation implementation, teachers should ensure the unity of evaluation standards to reflect the fairness and fairness of performance evaluation. The ultimate aim of education is to train all-round talents. The introduction of performance evaluation can obviously improve the current educational malpractice and promote the all-round development of students. Therefore, the implementation of performance evaluation is not only feasible, but also necessary.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.91

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